192 ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 



2 H. seabrum MX. Leafy, rough-hirsute, glandular above ; Ivs. obovatc to elliptic 



eubent ire ; invol. scarcely imbricated; fr. red. Hilly woods. 1 3f. lids. 9". Ang 



3 H. longfpllum Torn. Clothed with long, erect, shaggy hairs; Ivs. lance-oblong, 



entire ; hds. glandular. 20-30-flwd. in a small naked panicle. W. 1 2f. July, Aug. 



4 II. Groiiovli L. Hairy, paniculate, glandular at top ; Ivs. obovate to lance-oblong, 



slightly toothed, the catiline sessile, often few ; fr. 20 30, narrowed above. Varies 

 with stems leafy or subnaked ; pan. close or diffuse. Dry hills: com. 1 3f. Aug. + . 



5 II. venosum L. Scape or stem leafless, or with one leaf, paniculate, smooth ; Ivs. 



obovate, entire, nearly glabrous, with purple veins ; scales smooth ; fls. 20 ; fr. linear. 

 Woods, E. and W. 1 2f. lids, on slender ped., broader (9'0 than in No. 4.. Jl., Ang. 



6 H. paiilculatum L. Slender, leafy, diffusely paniculate : Ivs. lanceolate, glabrous ; 



ped. very slender ; fls. 1020 ; fr. short-cylindric, black. Woods : com. 2 3f. Aug. 



107. CATANANCHE, L. Invol. imbricated, scarious. Recep. pale- 

 aceous. Pap. paleaceous, 5-leaved. Pales awned. Oriental herbs, with 

 alternate, lanceolate leaves. 



C. ctERULEA L. LVP. villous, somewhat bipinnatifid at base ; invol. lower scales ovate, 

 mucronate. S.Europe. 2 3f. Heads on long peduncles. Blue. July + . 



108. NABALUS, Cass. DROP FLOWER. Invol. cylinclric, of many 

 linear scales in one row, calyculate with a few short, appressed scales at 

 base. Recep. naked. Pap. copious, capillary, brownish, 2-rowed, persist- 

 ent. Cyp. not beaked, smooth, stria te. 1C Erect, with a tuberous, bitter 

 root. Heads 5-18-flowerecl, not yellow, although often straw-colored. 



Heads pendulous, glabrous. Leaves variously lobed or shaped. . . (a) 



a Dwarf species (6 10' high) native of high mountains Nos. 1, 2 



a Tall (2 5f high). c Heads 5-6-flowered No. 3 



c Heads S-12-flowered. d Pappus tawny No. 4 



d Pappus straw-colored Nos. 5, 6 



Heads nodding or erect, hairy. Leaves mostly undivided. . . (&) 



b Heads about 12-flowered. Pappus straw-color Nos. 7, 8 



Z> Heads about 25-flowered. Pappus tawny or dusky No. 9 



1 N. Boottii DC. St. simple, dwarf; Ivs. hastate-cordate to lanceolate, mostly entire; 



heads racemed ; flowers 10 18, inner scales 10 15. High mountains, N. Jnly-K 



2 N. ii aim* DC. Smooth, simple ; Ivs. deltoid-hastate and variously lobed, upper lan- 



ceolate, all petiolate ; hds. clnstered-paniculate ; sc. 8, fls. 1012. White Mts. Aug. 



3 N. altisslmus Hook. Smooth, strict, paniculate, tall, leafy; Ivs. petiolate, pal- 



mately 3-5-cleft, or lobed, varying to hastate, cordate, or even ovate, dentate ; hds. 6'' 

 long, yellowish, forming a slender, leafy panicle; sc. 5. Woods, N. 3 5f. August. 



4 N. albus Hook. Lion's-foot. White Lettuce. Smooth, glaucous, corymb. -paniculate ; 



Iv9. hastate-lobed to ovate, petiolate, the lobes or leaves obtuse ; heads 6 1", with 8 

 scales, 912 fls., and brown pappus. Moist woods. 2 4f. Purplish in spots. Aug. 

 /3. Serpentdrta, Snake-root. Lvs. deeply 3-lobed, the middle lobe 3-parted. 



5 N. Fraseri DC. Earth-gall. Smoothish, corymb.-paniculate ; Ivs. hastate or del- 



toid, rarely 5-7-lobed, on winged stalks, upper lanceolate. Varies with the leaves all 

 lanceolate and merely toothed. Hard soils, Conn, to Fla. 2 4f. August. 

 C N. virgatus DC. Glaucous, simple, strict ; Ivs. ginuate-pinnatifid. narrow, the upper 

 toothed or entire ; panicle or raceme virgate. Sands, N. J. to Fla. 2 4f. Sept., Oct. 



7 N. racemosns Hook. Smooth (exc. the invol.), simple, slender ; Ivs. lance-oval to 



lance-ovate, denticulate ; hds. snberect, spicate-paniculate. Swamps, N. J. to Iowa, 



and N. 2 if. Flowers pale red. Varies with the lower leaves cut-pinnatifid. Sept. 



*J N. asper T. & G. Rough-downy, simple, strict : leaves oval-oblong to lance-oblong, 



dentate : hds. erect, fascicled in a spicate panicle ; fls. yellowish. W. 2-4f. Sept, 



