ORDER 42. POLYGALACE^. 79 



2- celled, 2-seeded, loculicidal. Sd. appendaged with a various caruncle at 

 the hiluin. ' Mostly herbs, "jitter, and with simple leaves. Flowers often 

 of two forms, the subterranean apetalous. 



* Leaves alternate. a Fls. purple, solitary, 24. Perennial No. 1 



a Fls. purple, racemed. many. Biennial Nos. 2, 3 



a Fls. white. Spike lender. Seed? hairy. Perennial Nos. 4, 5 



a Fls. purple. Spike capitate. Caruncle double Nos. 6 8 



Car. appears simple, d). . .Nos. 9 11 



a Fie. xanthic. A Spikes solitary, large. Biennial Nos. 12, 13 



b Spikes CO, corymbed, small. Bien Nos. 14, 15 



LiYS. vertic. on the stem. <; Spikes acnte, slender. Fls. greenish-white.. .Nos. 16, 17, 18 



c Spikes obtuse, thick. . (Shrubs, t. No. 22 25). .Noe. 19, 20, 21 



1 P. paiicifolia L. St. simple, erect, naked below ; Ivs. ovate, acute, smooth ; ter- 



minal fls. large, crested, radical ones apetalous. it Woods. 3 4'. Flowers few, 

 large (10"). very showy. May, June. 



2 P. gran diflora Walt. Ascending, pubescent ; Ivs. ovate-lanceolate to lance-linear, 



acute: fls. distant, pendulous after blooming, wings large, roundish, covering the fruit, 



keel as loni; as the wings (3"), crestless. @ 1 Dry soils, S. 912'. May Aug. 

 '< P. polygama Walt. Sts. simple, numerous, glabrous; Ivs. linear-oblong, mucro- 



nate, obtuse ; fls. racemed, short-pedicelled, those of the stem winged, those of the 



root wingless ; keel cristate. @ Fields. 6 -12'. Rac. showy. Fls. 2". June, July. 

 4 P. Senega L. Seneca Snake-root. St. erect, smooth, simple, leafy ; Ivs. lanceolate, 



tapering at each end ; fls. slightly crested, in a terminal spike-form, slender raceme. 



U Woods, W. States, rare in E. 814'. Spike 1 2'. Leaves 1 2'. July. 

 /3. lafi folia. Leaves ovate, acuminate at each end. Leaves 23'. Ind. 

 H P. alba N. St. angular, branched above ; Ivs. linear ; spike lance-linear, pointed, on 



a long stalk, u Ala. to La. 612'. Spikes 1 &. 



6 P. s^taceaMx. Sts. filiform, simple, apparently leafless (Ivs. minute, deltoid-acmn.); 



spike (small) oblong, acute ; wings short-pointed, shorter than the petals : caruncle 

 enclosing the short stipe of the hairy seed, it South. If. Leaves 1". June. 



7 P. incarnata L. Glaucous ; st. erect, slender, mostly simple ; Ivs. few, scattered, 



linear-subulate; spike oblong; wings lanceolate, cuspidate; claws of the petals 

 united into a long, cleft tube ; seed very hairy, (I) N. J. to Fla. 1 2f. June. 

 P. Cliapmuiiii T. & G. Very slender, simple, or nearly so ; Ivs. linear-subulate ; 

 spike loose, roundish-oblong, rather acute ; wings obovate, slightly clawed ; caruncle 

 lateral on the thin-haired seed. (I) South. 1f. 



9 P. Nuttallii T. & G. St. erect, somewhat fastigiate ; Ivs. linear; spikes acute, 



roundish-oblong, dense ; wings elliptical, attenuate at base ; crest minute ; caruncle 

 notched, lateral on the thick seed-stipe, (I) Mass., R. I., to La. 610'. August. 



10 P. iawtijriata Nutt. Slender and much branched above; Ivs. linear; spikes round- 

 ish, loose-flowered ; wings ovate-oblong, distinctly clawed ; caruncle broad, nearly 

 embracing the small seed-stipe (immature). (T) N. J. to Fla. 8 12'. July + . 



IIP. sangui nea L. St. branching at top; Ivs. linear and lance-linear; spikes ob- 

 long, obtuse, dense ; wings oval or ovate, obtuse, snbsessile : carnncle mostly simple, 

 nearly as long as the hairy seed. Wet grounds. 10'. Leaves I'. July + . 



52 P. liitea L. St. mostly simple ; root leaves spatulate, obtuse, attenuate at base; 

 cauline ones lanceolate, acute ; rac. ovate-globous, obtuse, dense ; fls. pedicellate ; 

 wings ovate, mncronate, keel with a minute crest. Sands, N. J. to Fla. If. June +. 



13 P. nana DC. Low, ascending; Ivs. obovate and spatulate, mostly radical ; heads 

 ovate, becoming oblong, dense ; wings lance-ovate, cuspidate-acuminate, twice longer 

 than the slightly-( rested keel. @ Pine woods, S. 4'. April, May. 



14 P. ramosa EU . Erect, corymbously branched above ; spikes loose, oblong, nume- 

 rous, forming der se, level-topped cymes ; radical Ivs. few, spatulate, cauline oblong- 

 linear ; seed oval caruncled. @ Swamps, Del. to Fla. If. June. 



