190 ORDER 70. COMPOSITE. 



3 C. Pitcher! T. & G. White-tomentous ; Ivs. pinnatifid, segm. linear, spinous, margin! 



revolute ; scales spine-pointed ; flowers ochrolencous. n Lake shores, W. June, July. 



4 C. undulatum Spr. White-tomentous ; Ivs. lance-oblong, sinuate-pinnatifid, wavy, 



prickly ; scales scarcely prickly ; flowers purple. @ Mich., and N. 1 2f. 



5 C. discolor Spr. Slender, much branched ; Ivs. pinnatifid, segm. 2-lobed, divari- 



cate, ppinous ; scales ovate, tipped with a spreading spine. @ N. 3 5f. July 4-. 



6 C. altissimum Spr. Tall, branching, villous, leafy to the top; Ivs. lance-oblong, 



often sinuate-dentate, or pinnatifid, spinescent ; ecales lance-ovate, the outer with a 

 spreading spine. Fields, M. and W. 3 8f. Purple. August. 



T C. Vlrginlanum MX. Slender, subsimple, naked above ; Ivs. lanceolate, margins 

 revolute, spinescent, lobed or dentate, white-downy beneath ; heads small (G'O ; scales 

 bristle-tipped. Woods, W. and S. 3 4f. Purple. April Sept. 



8 C. liorridulum MX. Cottony when young ; leaves cut-pinnatifid, spinous ; heads 



large, invested by a whorl of very spiny bracts ; scales sharp-pointed. @ Uplands, 

 N. Eng. to Fla. Flowers purple or cream-color. 1 3f. April August. 



9 C. pumiliim Spr. Hairy; Ivs. fewabove, green, clasping, lance-oblong, pinnatifid, 



segm. lobed, spinous : heads few, very large, subtended by 15 bracts; invol. round- 

 ovate, spinous. @ Pastures, waysides, N. Eng. to Pa., and W. : com. 1 2f, stout. 

 Flowers purple, fragrant. July, August. 



10 C. muticmn MX. Lvs. pinnatifid ; heads on naked peduncles, bractless ; invol. 

 unarmed, with webbed and glutinous scales. () Damp. 3 7f. Hds. V. Aug., Sept. 



/3. g-labrum* Nearly glabrous ; Ivs. lance-lin., lobed ; scales with minute spines. S. 



11C. re pa iidu m MX. Lvs. crowded to top, at length green both sides, clasping, lin.- 



oblong, wavy, spinous-ciliate ; hds. 1 or 2; inner scales subulate. Barrens, S. 1 2f. 



12 C. arvense Scop. Canada Thistle. Lvs. sinuate-pinnatifid, wavy, lance-oblong; 

 hds. panicled, small (5"), numerous ; scales with minute prickles. ii Waysides, fields, 

 N. and W. A pernicious weed, hard to extirpate. 3f. Very prickly, except its heads. 



1 3 C. PULCHERRIMUM with yellow flowers, 3f high, is rarely planted in borders. 



1 4 C. IANTHIUM. A greenhouse shrub, covered with pale blue flowers. From Mexico. 



98. LAPPA, Toura. BURDOCK. Heads discoid, hoinogamous. Invol. 

 globous, the scales imbricated and hooked at the extremity. Recep. bristly. 

 Pap. bristly, scabrous, caducous. (2) European herbs. Lvs. alternate, large, 

 cordate, petiolate. Hds. panicled, pink-purple, very adhesive by the hooks. 

 L,. officinal!* Allioni. A coarse weed, in waste and cultirated grounds, E. and W. 3f. 



(L. major Gaert.) Varies with small hds. and Ivs. somewhat pinnatifid. (L. minor DC.) 



99. LAMPSANA, Toura. NIPPLEWORT. Hds. radiant, 8-12-flwd. 

 Invol. cylindrical, angular. Scales 8, erect, in one row, with 2 or 3 

 minute bractlets at base. Recep. naked. Cyp. glabrous. Pap. 0. Slender, 

 oriental herbs, with small, yellow heads, in paniculate corymbs. 



L. communls L. Stem leafy; Ivs. ovate, petiolate, dentate ; ped. cylindrical ; invol. 

 angular in fruit. Waysides, Quebec, Boston, and W. Rare. 



100. APOGON, Ell. Heads radiant. Invol. scales ovate, acuminate, 

 about 8, in two rows. Recep. naked. Ach. glabrous, oval, longitudinally 

 12-striate. Pappus 0. Herbs glabrous and glaucous, branched from 

 the base. Leaves alternate, lanceolate. Heads small, yellow. 



A. li um ills Ell. Woods, S. Car. to Fla. and La. 312'. Slender, smooth ; Ivs. vary- 

 ing to linear, entire or lyrately lobed. Heads 3" broad. March June. 



101. CICHORIUM, Toura. CHICORY. Invol. double, the outer of 5 



