ORDER 132. TYPHACE^E. 319 



A. Calamus L. Scape ensiform, continued long and leaf-like above the green, 

 flowered spadix. In wet soils. 2 3f. Root tastes warmly pungent. June, July. 



8. COLOCASIA ANTIQUORUM, from E*ypt,&c., has large (2 3f) ovate- 

 sagittate, peltate, repand leaves, on petioles longer than the scape. Spathe erect, ranch 

 longer than the spadix. Cultivated for food, and for ornament. 



9. PHYLLODENDRON GRANDirdLiUM. Stems rooting, running or 

 climbing. Leave? very large (2 4f), opaque, strongly veined, cordate-sagittate, acute, 

 entire. Petioles terete, red-spotted. Spathe yellowish. S. America. 



10. RICHARDIA AFRICANA (Kunth, Calla ^Ethiopica L.). Known 

 everywhere as the ^Egyptian Calla, but native of the Cape of Good Hope : is a grand 

 house-plant, 2 4f, with large hastate-cordate leaves, round scapes, a large milk-white 

 spathe rolled in at base and back at apex, surrounding a yellow cylindric spadix. 



11. CALADIUM BICOLOR. Roots tuberous. Lvs. radical, peltate, has- 

 tate-cordate, short-pointed, variegated with crimson or purple at the centre, or pellucid 

 at base, or white-spotted. A splendid leaf-plant. Panama ! 



ORDER CXXXI. LEMNACE^E. DUCKMEATS. 



Herbs minute, stemless, floating free upon the water, and consisting of a 

 leaf-like frond, or a tuft of leaves, with one or more fibrous roots. Flowers 

 bursting from the substance of the frond, or axillary, enclosed in a spathe, 

 the sterile consisting of 1 or 2 stamens, the fertile of a 1-celled ovary. Fruit 

 a utricle, with 1 or more seeds. Emb. straight, in fleaby albumen. Fig. 516. 



1. LEMNA, L. DUCKMEAT. Fls. from a chink in the edge of the- 

 frond, 2 sterile, each a single recurved stamen, with 1 fertile, an ovaiy 

 with style and stigma. Ovules and seeds 1 7. @ U Fronds 1 7" long 

 Roots hair-like. Flowers rarely seen. 



Ovule solitary. Frond with a single root. (LEMNA proper) .............. Nos. 1 3 



Ovules 2. Frond many-rooted. (Spirodela, Schleiden) ....................... No. 4 



1 I*, trlsulca L. Fronds oblong, as long (23") as their stalks, proliferous from 



their sides, thin, obtuse. Pools of clear water, in patches. 



2 !< perpusilla Torr. Fronds thin, 3-veined, round-obovate, 1 2", in groups of 



.37 ; style slender ; seed round-oblong, erect. Ponds, N. Y., W. and S. August. 



3 L*. minor L. Fronds thick, veinless, obovate or roundish, 1 2", single or in groups 



of 2 4 ; style short ; seed ovoid, half-erect. Stagnant waters : common. 



4 li. polyrrliiza L. Fronds oval, 2 3", thickish, 5-7-veined, purplish beneath, each 



with a bundle of black roots beneath. Stagnant waters : rare. 



2. WOLFFIA, Horkel. Fls. from the centre of the minute frond, 2 

 only; $ flower a stamen with a 1-celled anther. ? Ovary with a veiy short 

 style, ovule and seed 1. (T) Fronds ", rootless, separate. 



W. Columbiana Karsten. Frond round-oval. Floating, with Lemna, seeming men 

 ppecks of green the least of all flowering plants. Not rare. 



ORDER CXXXII. TYPIIACE^E. TYPHADS. 



Herbs growing in marshes and ditches, with rigid, ensiform, sessile leaves. 

 Flowers monoecious, arranged on a spadix or in heads, with no spathn 



