APPENDIX. 23 



onym of Erxleben's, the first being the C. zvapitiQi Barton, (Amer. Phil. 

 Trans., vi, 1809. 79.)* Turton makes the Elk an American representa- 

 tive of Cervus elaphus Linn. 



"Mexican Deer Cervus Mexicanus." Gmelin (Syst. Nat., 1788, 179) is ap- 

 parently the first to use this name in the binomial sense. His description 

 has been considered by Baird and others to apply to the Mexican form 

 of Cariacus virginianus and by some authorities it has been considered 

 a distinct species. Gmeliti's first citation of authority for his C. mexi- 

 canus is the Mexican Deer, No. 52, of Pennant (Hist. Quad., 1781, no), 

 his third citation is "Teutlal macame. Hernandez an. mexic. 324." Pen- 

 nant's first citation is the same as Gmelin 's, viz: "Teutlamacarne, Her- 

 nandez An. Mexic. 324." The Teutlamacame is therefore the basis of 

 the Mexican Deer of Pennant, Gmelin and later authors. But it has 

 been asserted on the authority of the Berlandier Manuscripts (Baird, 

 Mam. N. Am., 1857, 666., Alston, Biol. Cent. Am., 1879 '82, 113) that 

 the Teutlamacame or Berrendo of the Spanish Mexicans is the Prong- 

 horn Antelope, Antilocapra americana Ord, (infra). If this can be 

 proven, Ord's name would have to go, and the Mexican Cariacus receive 

 a new name. Reference to Hernandez' description of the Teutlama- 

 came shows quite conclusively that, whatever the Mexicans considered 

 a "Berrendo" in Berlandier's day, this name was understood by Hernan- 

 dez to apply to a gray deer about the size of a goat with ample branching 

 horns. This is confirmed by Pennant's description and figure which 

 unmistakably relates to a Cariacus. Hernandez' description, which is 

 not on page 324, but near the middle of 325, is as follows ; "moreover 

 concerning the Teutlalmacame which is a little larger than a medium 

 sized goat. Covered with gray hair, easily pulled out, and yellowish 

 ("fulvoq.") ; but with sides and belly hoary white, hence the Spanish 

 natives are accustomed to call them Berrendos. (|) They wear ample 

 (wide) evenly branching horns, (but in some they are small) , long tap- 

 ering sharp pointed, divided into branches and reaching beyond (or be- 

 low) the eyes, of which (viz: the animal) we show a figure." This 

 figure, from the context, is the one on page 324. The figure on page 

 325 is of the Temamacame next described, which Hernandez likens to 

 the "Fallow Deer, with the shortest and sharpest of horns color fulvous, 

 brown, and beneath, white." The figure shows a spike-horned animal, 

 which Mr. Alston (Biol. Cent. Am., p. 119) considers to be Cariacus 

 rufinus (Bourcier & Pucheran). The figure of the Teuhtlalmacame is the 

 real cause of the confusion of authors, owing to the resemblance of its 

 horns to those of the Antelope, Antilocapra americana Ord. It is not 

 impossible that this figure was based on the Antelope, but as it differs in 

 many other respects from that animal, and the most liberal translation of 



*I find in the Journal de Physique, 1818, p. that Ord gets his name C. major from Artorby, who, 

 he affirms, gave the Wapiti this name long before that of Gmelin, viz. C. canadentf* Erxl. Artorby 

 seems to be so obscure an individual as not to merit citation in any of the scientific literature at my 

 command. It is probable that Artorby gave it this name before the binomial system was recognized 

 as authoritative. 



t Spanish, Berrendo tinged with two colors. 



