88 Mr. Winch on the Geology of the Banks oj the Tkveed. 



and blue limestone in the vicinity of Edinburgh* to the same 

 series of rocks. In the Newcastle coal-field, where no lime- 

 stone is interstratified with the measures, red sandstone dif- 

 fering in no respect from those just mentioned may be noticed 

 near the sea-coast of Northumberland at Cresswell, Elling- 

 ham, Woodhorn, Newbiggin, Tynemouth ; also at Burrow- 

 don, in the neighbourhood of Gosforth. 



As 



Observations on the Seams of Coal in the Berwick District. 



The seams of coal near the sea coast in this district, generally dip nearly 

 due east, at an inclination of one yard in three j to the westward, their dip 

 is to the southward of the east, with an inclination of one yard in ten or 

 twelve. 



1st. The Muckle Howgate Seam is the first workable bed on the Scre- 

 merstone estate, and in its vicinity; it lies at various depths below the sur- 

 face, and is about two feet six inches in thickness ,- it is considered an in- 

 ferior coal in quality, and used only for burning limestone. 



2nd. The Caldside Seam, supposed to be about sixty fathoms below the 

 Muckie Howgate Seam, is generally used for the same purpose, though 

 rather of a better quality than No. 1 . 



3rd. The Scremerstone Main Coal, supposed to be about sixty fathoms 

 below the Caldside Seam, is four feet in thickness, but with a thin band of 

 stone near its bottom. This seam is reputed the best coal for house use, 

 except the portion nearest the bottom, which is sold for lime-burning. 



4th. The Stony Coal lies from two to three fathoms under the Scre- 

 merstone Main Coal : its thickness is about four feet, including a band of 

 stone of twelve inches in its middle. This seam of coal is not reputed so 

 good as No. 3. It has been worked, but to no considerable extent, near 

 Berwick. 



5th. The Cancer Coal is supposed to be from twelve to fifteen fathoms 

 below the stone coal, but the distance beween them varies. The seam has 

 not been worked in the eastern part of the district, lying at a considerable 



* Mr. Dunn's M.S. Section of Gilmerton Colliery. 



depth 



