LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE. 3 



which originally cost thirty guineas each, could be 

 purchased for ten pounds. It is gratifying to be 

 enabled to state, that the difficulties which caused 

 this depression having been surmounted, matters are 

 now in a very prosperous condition. The share- 

 holders in whom the property is vested were in num- 

 ber originally 205. Their annual subscription is two 

 fuineas, but yearly subscribers are also admitted by 

 allot ; the subscription paid by this class is two 

 guineas. Proprietors are allowed to introduce stran- 

 gers and visitors under certain restrictions. 



The general meeting of the proprietors is held an- 

 nually on the second Friday in January, when a 

 president, vice president, treasurer, secretary, regis- 

 trar and a committee of sixteen are chosen to conduct 

 the affairs of the institution in the ensuing year. 



LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE. 



To comprehend what relates to the determining 

 the Latitude and Longitude of any place, we should 

 understand clearly the following Figure, where the 

 line SN represents the axis of the earth, N the North 

 Pole, s the South Pole, EQ the equator, FG, HI, OP, 

 circles parallel to it; NAS, NBS, NCS, &c., meridians 

 passing through the poles, each dividing the earth 

 into an eastern and western hemisphere as the equa- 

 tor EQ divides it into a northern and southern ; those 

 are the principal circles concerned in the present sub- 

 ject, and which enable us to conceive, that "the 

 latitude of a place L is its distance either north or 

 south from the equator ;" and its longitude " its dis- 

 tance either east or west from any given meridian/' 



Now geographers choose to call the meridian NES, 

 of some remarkable place L, the first meridian ; here 

 they begin their reckoning, and just so many degrees, 

 minutes, and seconds, as any other place is to the 

 eastward or westward of that meridian, so much east 

 or west longitude it is said to have. 



