176 The Ottawa Naturalist [Jan. 



park effect and for blending with other trees it is one of the 

 most desirable. From British Columbia we have the Douglas 

 Fir, Bull Pine, and Englemann's Spruce, all fine trees and 

 doing well in eastern Canada. The best Englemann Spruce re- 

 seinbles ver}- much the Colorado Blue Spruce, but is more graceful. 



Among the most ornamental Canadian shrubs I mention 

 the Viburnums, of which there are eight good species which 

 succeed under cultivation. Perhaps the best of these is the 

 High-bush Cranberry, Viburnum Opulus, which is ornamental 

 both in summer and winter, the brightly coloured fruit being 

 very attractive. Our wild roses are very useful, among the best 

 being Rosa lucida, the glossy leaves of which make this yery 

 ornamental even when out of flower. Two of the best species 

 of Mock Orange are natives of British Columbia, namely, Phila- 

 delphus Gordonianns and Philadelphiis Lezvisii. Flowering Dog- 

 wood is a verv effective shrul) in spring in Western Ontario, 

 while the Amelanchiers make masses of white in the early spring. 

 For autumn effects the Aromatic and Stag-horn vSumachs can- 

 not be beaten. 



Among the hedge plants there is no evergreen so satis- 

 factory as the native American Arbor Vitse or Cedar. Rarely 

 injured bv insects or diseases, standing pruning well and need- 

 ing comparatively little pruning, it is undoubtedly the best. 

 It is not so rapid a grower as the Norway Spruce, which is 

 sometimes used for hedge purposes, l)ut is more permanent and 

 takes up less room. The White Pine is also proving an excellent 

 hedge plant at the Experimental Farm. The Hemlock makes 

 a very fine hedge if rapid growth is not desired, being compact ^i^' 

 and of a pleasing shade of green. 



While few of our deciduous plants are used for hedge 

 purposes we see no reason why some of them should not be used 

 with good effect. The native beech is doing well as a hedge '. 

 plant at Ottawa and there is no good reason wdiy it should not ^i. 

 become as popular in this country as the European Beech is in 

 England. The Moosewood, Dire a palusiris, should make a 

 splendid hedge plant with its soft, light green leaves. The 

 Scarlet Hawthorn should make a desirable one, and where a 

 hedge for holding back stock is required the Honey Locust is 

 one of the best plants to use in the warmer parts of Ontario. 

 This is taking the place of the Osage Orange in those districts 

 where the latter succeeds. There are other shrubs with attrac- 

 tive foliage, such as the Viburnums and Hamamelis which should 

 do well as hedges. 



Among the climbing hardy plants we have three native 

 woody species which can scarcely be excelled. These are the 

 Virginian Creeper, the Wild Clematis or Virgin's Bower, and the 



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