IT) 5 



Tiie t'x tension iiihind of the ijleistocene gulf or se.i of the St. Law- 

 rence is the first thought to' suggest itself. But how far up dil ulie salt 

 water extend ? is the question. Marine fossils collected, and reported by 

 Sir William Lo:fa:i and his assistants, proved the extension as fur as the 

 Archaean peninsula, or isthnuis wl)ich extended from the Clfats Ra])ids, 

 on the Ottawa Rivet- 25 miles above Ottawa, to Kingston in the direc- 

 tion of the Adirondacks. JJeyond this riilge is the valley of the great 

 lakes of the St. Lawrence into which I am not aware any evidence has 

 been produced of the presence of the waters of tiio sea. I spent Sun-, 

 day, November Gtl), in repeating a former excursion of tiie Club which 

 I did not accompany to the Chats Rapids, with a vi.w to studying the 

 character of thi.s ancient ridge, or jeninsu!a, where it is crossed by the 

 Ottawa River. At Quyon, on the left bank, travelling northwards I 

 rose over 100 ft. in 21 miles to the level of a flat wide plain, which 

 extended up the river, past the Chats Rapids to Sliawville 14 miles, 

 and to Claik's 7 miles beyond Quyon. 



At Quyon, Shawville, and Clark's the saxicava sands were seen 

 overlaid by heavy gravel deposits of a river formation of the pleistocene. 

 Marine fossils have indeed been reported by Sir William Logan as far 

 up the Ottawa valley as Lake Coulonge, 80 miles above Ottawa City ; 

 and I think Mr. Ami can tell you of localities beyond that, which have 

 furnished tlie characteristic fossils of Green's Creek. 



There was a peculiarity at Quycn, however, which is worthy of 

 mention the hunimocky surface of tlie leda clays, produced by glacial 

 action. The ice action was jylainly later than the clay deposits ; con- 

 sequently it had nothing to do with the waters which deposited the 

 clays. 



On the line of the Canada Pacific from Carleton Junction to 

 Peterborough, where I crossed the Arcluean peoinsula, during my 

 recent holiday vacation, glacial action on a great scale was again ob- 

 served, following a line evidently ha\ ing a relation to this ancient 

 peninsula. Thero were smooth and level, or slightly rolling forms : 

 then suddenly the characteristic pinnacles of Waterloo county, less 

 develo[)ed than in W^at'rloo, but accompt^nied, or perliaps replaced, a 

 little further east l)y the characteristic smaller glacial hummocks of 

 Quyon. As ocular evidence of this glacial action 1 will direct your 



