SUFPLY OF WORM TUBS BY THE SYPHON. ' 191 



VL 



On the Comhin/ilions for fupplj/ing Worm Tubs ztith Cold Water, 

 by the Syphon, tilth an eajy Method of fecuring the Joints of 



. fuch Hj/draulic Apparatus againjl the Adtnijjlonnf the External 

 Air. In a Letter from Mr. Wm. Close. 



To Mr. NICHOLSON. 

 SIR 



Dalton,Feb. 13, 1804. 



1 HE combinations which have lately appeared in your Jour- ^^^'f"'? *^y. 

 nal, for fupplying worm tubs, condenfers, &c. with cold water, dplejsajjplica- 

 have recalled my attention to certain experiments which I tor- b!e to the fupply 

 merly made with the fyphon; and I am of opinion that the |^^^ "^ '" "' 

 method propofed will fucceed very well upon the fimple con- 

 ftrudlion of the apparatus delineated in Plate IV. Vol. VI. of 

 your Journal, if all the parts are made air-tight, and a fufHcient ^ 

 quantity of water be provided to keep the fyphon in conttant 

 adlion, under an impending column of two feet. For the air 

 difengaged from the water in the worm-tub will rife into the 

 bend of the fyphon at B. Plate IV. Vol. VI. and be carried 

 down the defcending column and emitted at C. 



The worm tub may be effedually fecured againft the admif- Eafy method of 

 fion of the external air through the joinings of the ftaves, by "(g^'^'^f-^ u 

 being placed in a larger tub filled with water; no air then can furrounding th© 

 poffibly enter the interior tub fo long as it is covered, and the ^^"""^ ^^^ ^'^** 

 workmanfhip muft be very bad, if the fyphon (hould draw the 

 water out of the exterior velTel, fo faft as to produce any in- 

 convenience in replenilhing it as often as it fubfides. 



The worm mull be made air-tight before it is fixed in its To fet the ma- 

 I place. If the fupply of cold water at A fhould be interrupt- ^he"n ^^"^^^ 

 cd, the fluid in A will fubfide to a level with the furface of C, 

 and, if much air be difengaged during this fufpenfion, and 

 while the water is impending in the apparatus, the fyphon will 

 probably not refume its operation : In this cafe the two aper- 

 tures muft be clofed, and the apparatus filled with water. 



You will remember the principles on which I planned the Account of the 

 conftrudion of a machine for raifing water by the fyphon. I phon engine for- 

 liave the complete model of fuch a machine : it has four light, ""^'^X defcribcil. 

 felf-a6iing valves, and when thefe are not prevented from 

 jcjofin^, by impurities in the w^ter, &c. it perfornjs very well. 



The 



