J4.2 <>^ EXTINCr v6lCA^6E*§^ 



Once a volcano* I had no doubt, that this mountain was once a vofcano, if < 

 figure alone proves it. I went beyond it to the quarries that 

 were working, and which were to the north, at the foot of a' 

 Near it quarries gentle declivity, feparated from the Calberg by a valley, 

 ^f !h^'* • through which a fmall brook flowed to the eaft. Thefe quari 

 fpeciesj ^ies are parts of vaft beds of that kind of lava, which the Ita- 



lians call piperino. It is in general an earthy lava, contain- 

 ing a pretty confi'derable quantity of fragments of compa6l: 

 wrou'^h'!"^^^ lava. This ftone is foft, and eafily wrought. It is almoft 

 in fomc places every where in a horizontal flratum, but varies in its texture^ 

 a volcanic brec- f^^ j,^ ^^^^q places it appears in the form of a volcanic breccia, 



ciaj in others . '^ \' r r j n 



ef afandftone m Others it has the texture ot land-ltone. 

 texture. Having accompiiftied my objed, which was to difcoverthe 



dermcnTch to ^* volcanic openings, that furnilhed the lava of this diftridl^ I 

 Coblentz. returned to the Medermenich, where I flept; and the neit 



The plain dU day I reached Coblentz. The plain I crolfed was covered 

 vercd with frag- ^,jjj^ fragments of quartz, trapp, and pumice {lone. Near 

 ttapp, and ' 06lundung, on the high road, we find rocks of flate, which 

 pumice ftone, ^^q working. After leaving this village four gently floping 

 innl flate'^quar- mountains appear on the left^ ftretching from eaft to weft, 

 Ti6s, and feparated dniy by narrovv valleys, Theif figure induced 



ranicmoun-'"'^''"^ to vifit them'; and I found th^m compofed of pumice 

 tdnS, ftones and fcoride. The firft and fecond are merely fegments 



«f two fmall craters, the northern part of which has been car- 

 ried away. The other two, which are covered with trees^ 

 appear to me to have formed but one crater of vaft extent^ 

 Their lava en- the fouthern part of which is deftroyed. The lava of thef6 

 cfufted with \iit\e mountains is encrufted with an immenfe number of little 

 p^oxen? *^° cryftals of piroxen. This reddifli lava contains a pretty con- 

 It is reddiOi, fiderable quantity of reddifti mica in large leaves, frequently 

 and contains red- j^^j^ ^ ^^^ ^^-^^^ Almoft at the foot of the eaftemmoft moun- 

 fliin mica in 

 large leaves. tain this ftone is procured, to be ufed in conftrudting walls^ 



Uled in walls, though it is too porous, and at the fame time too hard, to be 



employed as hewn ftone. 

 View from thefe ^^om the fumrait of thefe heights the profpe6t is beautiful 

 heights. and grand. From the eaft to the north appears the magnificent 



bafin watered by the Rhine from the caftle of Ehrenbreitftein 

 to Andernach. The (even mountains (Siebenberge) raife 

 their ancient heads on the north. On the weft, the view in- 

 cludes from north to foath all the mountains juft defcribed; 



and 



