of various Qualities, 239 



bars or other forms, and the quantity introduced, the baps^ 

 ingots, or other fliapes, Ijoing then taken from the furnace, 

 will be found to polTefs all the folidlty which they formerly 

 were pofTefTed of as caft-fieel, with that property of welding 

 peculiar to bliflered, faggot, or German fteel of the ufual 

 mode of manufa^lure. ■ 



'' By this invention T obtain fleel which for folidity may 

 be ufed for the purpofcs of call-fteel ; uniting at the fame 

 time the property of welding, without dedroying the folidiiy 

 or quality of the metal r — a circurnftance of the highefl: im- 

 portance to our manufacturers. Ingots, bars, plates, and 

 every (liapc into which this (iecl is call, rolled, or hammered, 

 will be poflefled of uniformity of quality, without thofe 

 numerous reed-4, flaws, bifter^ and disjoined laminae found 

 in ftcel made by the proceflTes in ufe before my invention.' 



^' When pit-coal cokes are to be ufed in any of the foregoing 

 operations, either in mixture with the ore, or with the iron, 

 or for fuel in the furnaces, in which the cruciHll|5 containing 

 the mixture arc expofed to tlie aftion of tlie fire, it is of the 

 utmoil importance that the cokes be properly prepared. 

 The procefs which I have found to anfwer beft for this pnr- 

 pofe, though common cokes will alfo do, is founded upon 

 the princvle, that all accefs of c^xvgen to the coals to be 

 coked, fliould be prevented : this end is gained by preparing 

 the cokes in iron veflels, in the fame manner as wood is now 

 charred for the purpofe of being; employed in the manufac 

 ture of gun-|)owder. The bitumen, or coal-tar as it is com- 

 monly called, which is volatir!z|<|-from the coals to be coked, 

 by the heat applied to the extei^^jf^r of the iron vcfTel or other 

 chamber containing the faid Goals, is thus favcd, inftead of 

 being burnt or diffipaled in the'-^tmofphere, as is the cafe in 

 the common procefs of coking;' -in which the coals are 

 expofed to combuftion in open h^aps, and which alio par- 

 tially, though in a lefs degree^' takes place in the procefs 

 commonly known by the name' lOf Lord IXmdonald's procefs* 

 for preparing 9oal tar." 



T^xperlmerJs 



