History of the Art of Dyeing. 309. 



colours; the fourth, of compound colours; the fifth, of the 

 division of colours into fine colours {teinturieis en Ion teint) 

 and common colours (ieinturiers en petit teint *) ; the sixth, 

 of the dyers' marks, with which they mark the articles they 

 dye in both the above ways ; the seventh contains a cata- 

 logue of the dye-stuffs permitted to be used for dyeing the 

 fine and common colours ; the eighth gives an accoimt of 

 the reasons why certain kinds of dye-stuffs are prohibited ; 

 the ninth treats entirely on dyeing black ; the tenth, of the 

 ground and bath proper for each colour; the eleventh treats 

 on the dyeing of linen and hats ; and the twelfth recommends 

 the use and cultivation of indigenous dye-stuffs, a list of which 

 is given. 



That these regulations might be properly observed, certain 

 inspectors and commissioners were not only appointed to visit 

 the dye-houses and repositories of the merchants, but orders 

 were afterwards given to a member of the Academy of Sci- 

 ences to make experiments for improving and beautifying 

 different dyes, and to lay the result of his discoveries before 

 the academy, which were afterwards to be published for the 

 practical use of dyers. 



The great advantage of this establishment may be easily con- 

 ceived from the preference given to the French dyes ; and the 

 works which Du Fay, Hellot, and others, have written on this 

 subject, and with which every dyer ought to be acquainted. 



About this time the dye-stuffs brought to Europe from the 

 newly discovered countries, but especially indigo and cochi- 

 neal, began to be employed with great advantage. The 

 Netherlanders, in particular, endeavoured, by means of these 

 new dye-stuffs, to discover more durable and livelier colours ; 

 for though they had begun, almost at the same time as the 

 Italians, to apply to the art of dyeing with great zeal, and to 

 take advantage of the troubles in the East, they had never 

 been so fortunate, notwithsanding all their exertions, as to 

 make any great progress in it. 



• This division was made in the earliest periods in Italy as well as in. 

 France, as proved by a French ordinance of Nov. 17, 1383; 1)ut it liad 

 not been bo strictly observed till Colbert found it necessary to define it 

 moi-f accurately. 



At 



