156 METHOD OF REMEDYING INCONVENIENCES 



main uninjured by a dimmer ftorm. Of the firft, we have the 

 various race of pines ; of the laft, the birch, the afpen and 

 the mountain afli *. 



Thos by a careful inspection of the operations of nature, is 

 the hand of man enabled to collect the productions of diftant 

 countries around his home, cover the arid heath with waving 

 green, and make the lonely wildernefs aflume a pleating 

 gloom. 



II. 



A Method of remedying certain Inconveniences arifing from the 

 Inequality of Heat in large Dijlillation. By Sir A. A. Edel-~ 



ERAUTZ f. 



In diftillation IT is generally known that every diftillation confifts of two 

 thcoperationsare principal operations ; the conversion of the matter under dif- 

 and2. to con-' tillation into fteam by heat, and the condenfation of that fleam 

 denfe. by cold. In order to the fpeedy accomplifliment of thefe two 



objects, and without any unneceflary expence of fuel, a per- 

 fect equilibrium muft be eftablithed between the evaporating 

 heat and the condenfing cold; that is to fay, fuppofing this- 

 laft to be conftant, as it may be practically made, (a given 

 quantity of water at a fixed temperature paffing through the 

 The heat muft cooler in a given time.) The heat mull then be fo regulated 



be adjufted to ^^ the quantity of fteam produced (hall be neither more or 

 the cooling _ • J ' f . 



power. lets than can be condenled in the lame time, by the cold ap- 



plied to it. A want of attention to this circumftance produces 

 the two following inconveniences, particularly in the diftilla- 

 tion of fpirituous liquors. 

 Strong heat ]ft. jf tne fi re De too brifk, a confiderable quantity of the 



diffipates part of confined fteam will pafs from the worm into the open air, oc- 

 the vapor. cafioning a lofs of the matter under diftillation, and a wafte of 



fuel. 



* Among the rocks of A'gnew's Hill in the county of Antrim, 

 I found thepopulus tremula (afpen tree) growing luxuriantly on 

 the eaftern face, at about the elevation of 1,450. And on the top 

 of Slemifh, the forbus aucuparia (mountain a/h) expofed to every 

 ftorm at the elevation of 1 ,398 feet. 



} Annales de Chimie, XLV. 297. 



2nd. 



