IMPROVEMENT OP WOULFE's APPARATUS. 227 



bottle D. E is a bent tube palling from the neck of D, and cularly at the 

 fitted to it by grinding ; and it is in the mode of connecting w^ulfcTtubesi 

 this with the fucceeding bottle G, that the prefent improve- 

 ment confifts. F is merely a common Woulfe's bottle with 

 two necks. But in the firft neck a tube G is foldered, when 

 the bottle is made, which defcends to within 1 J inch of the 

 bottom, the height of the bottle being fix inches. The long 

 leg of the tube E defcends into this tube, reaches beyond the 

 extremity of it, and has at its termination a flight curve. It is 

 obvious that when water is put into the bottle F, fo that the 

 extremity of G is immerfed in it, if any vapour or gas pafs 

 from D, to F by E, it will be difcharged from the extremity 

 of the latter, and from the degree of bending will be thrown be- 

 yond the extremity of G, and as this is immerfed in the fluid, 

 the gas cannot efcape, but whatever part of it is not abforbed, 

 muft be collected in the upper part of F. It pafles in a fimilar 

 manner to H, and from H to I, being in each bottle tranf- , 

 mitted through a portion of water. Any permanent gas, not 

 abforbed, pafles through the bent tube fitted to I, and may be 

 collected in ajar placed in a fmali pneumatic trough. 



The advantages of this apparatus are obvious. All the Advantages of 

 joinings are air tight without lute, and the tubes are at the * ? a £P a j^ # 

 fame time fo far free, that they are in no danger of being and fafe, 

 broken by any flight agitation or derangement. In making 

 it, it is moft convenient to have the tubes firft ground in, and 

 when perfectly dry to have them bent by the blow pipe. 



The firft bottle in the apparatus being defigned to receive Obfervatlonsi 

 any fluid condenfed in it during diftillation, has no tube of 

 fafety, becaufe at the commencement at leaft of the diftilla- 

 tion, there would be no fluid in which its extremity would b& 

 immerfed. On this account it is requifite that this firft bottle 

 fliould be connected with the fecond by a ftraight tube, as 

 reprefented in the drawing, and not by a bent tube as in the 

 other bottle, elfe upon any condenfation in the retort or firft: 

 bottle, the liquor would rufh backward from the fecond. In 

 this fecond bottle a tube of fafety is fitted by grinding, which 

 is neceflary to guard again ft condenfation. In the other bot- 

 tle this is not neceflary, as the open tubes are fufficient to ad- 

 mit air. 



The only inconvenience in this apparatus is, that the fluid This apparatus 

 in the bottles is liable to be forced up in the open tubes, in j iable ^have^ 



Q 2 / the the fluid prefled 



