Memoir upon living and fossil Elephants. 25 



with a drawing of the lower jaw of a cranium of a rhino- 

 ceros, in two positions. In these drawings I found a con- 

 firmation of what I had conceived from seeing Messer- 

 schmidt. 



The cranium, which served for the model, is not so com- 

 plete. The grinders, and a part of their alveoli, are want- 

 ing, as well as the middle part of the zygomatical arcade. 

 Nothing characteristic is however missing : there is the 

 same'length and the same direction of the alveoli ; the same 

 size of the lacrymal tubercle_, and the same general form : 

 every thing in fact convinces us that the fossil skulls partake 

 of the same characters. 



I have carefully engraved this fine drawing in my Plate 

 viii. fig. 2. 



The parallelism of the grinders is a difference which may 

 be established independently of the drawings of Messer- 

 schmidt or of the Petersburgh Academy. / 



M. Jaeger assures me of the same fact, with reference to 

 a portion of a cranium in the Stutgard cabinet, and which 

 may be found in my Plate \v, fig. 4 : another piece, drawn 

 by Peter Camper, shows the same character*. I have copied 

 his figure, Plate iv. fig. 3, and I have placed beside it 

 fi^. 1 and 2, those of Indian and African crania, seen from 

 below, in order to show the more remarkable convergency 

 of their front teeth. 



We have in our Museum a portion of the occiput and of 

 the temporal bone of a fossil elephant, brought from Sibe- 

 ria by the astronomer Delisle, which aflforded me an oppor- 

 tunity of comparing these parts more closely than the others, 

 of which I had drawings only ,• but I found some very 

 trifling differences ; I have given a back view of it in fig. 7, 

 and a lateral one in fig. 8, of Plate iv. This specimen be- 

 longed to an elephant ten feet high. 



* Mem. de Haarlem, torn, xxiii. P1.D. 



IV. Ob- 



