1 8 Memoir upon living and fossil Elephants, 



I made myself certain of the first point : 1st, In three 

 elephants which I saw alive ; and I dissected two of them : 

 two were fi*oni Ceylon, and the third from Bengal. 2d, 

 In two other individuals which I saw in a state of preserva- 

 tion. 3d, In all the figures well known to belong to the 

 Indian species, particularly those of Buffon, Blair, and 

 Camper. 4th, In the figure of a foetus elephant from Cey- 

 lon, described by Zimmermann, in a quarto volume upon 

 the subject *. 



^ Upon the second point, I have the following proofs : 

 1st, The elephant from Congo, dissected by Duverney. We 

 may see its figure in the Memolre pour scrvir d VHist. des 

 Anim. par. iii. j and I tm sure that the ear is not exagge- 

 rated, for it is still preserved in the Museum, and I have 

 seen and examined it. 



2d, An ear preserved in the king of Denmark's cabinet, 

 and taken from an elephant killed at the Cape of Good 

 Hope by captain Magnus Jacobi, in 1675. It is three 

 feet and S half long, and two feet and a half broad f. 



3d, A young African elephant in our Museum ; its 

 ears, although shrivelled up by being dried, are still as large 

 as its head. 



4th, An embryo elephant from Africa, in our Museum. 



5th, All the well-known figures of the African elephants. 



From these characters we may be assured from what 

 species those figures have been drawn the origin of which 

 is unknown, or such as are to be seen on antient monu- 

 ments. 



Thus' that of Gessner J, copied by Aldrovandus §, is an 

 Afirican elephant. That of Valentine ||, copjed by Labat^, 

 and altered by Kolbc **, is equally so. 



On the contrary, those of Jonston ff, which are very 

 good, and which have served as a model to those of Har- 

 tenfelsjt, from which Ludolph §§ afterwards borrowed 



• Erlang, 1783, in 4to. f Oliger Jacobaeus, Mus. reg. Dan. 1697, fol. p. 5. 

 f Quad. p. S77. § Quad. lib. i. p. 465. \\ AmphitheAtr. Zoot. tab. i. f. 3. 

 5 Afr. Occ. iii. p. 27 1. ** Relation du Cap. trad. Fr. in 12mo, tome iii. p. II. 

 ff 'Qttadr. tab. vli. viii^ ?tix. \\ Elephantograph. curious, passim. 



§§ .^thiop. lib. i. c^^p. 9. 



his; 



