and the Processes used for Dyeing Silk aTid Cotton. 327 



black, and is in fact called black by the natives, among 

 whom it is in great esteem. 



From (he weavers the N Hi gam receive cotton, and silk 

 thread dyed yellow with turmeric, and return it to them ol 

 a green colour, which it obtains by a dip in a weak pot. 



At Bangalore, as well as in all the neighbouring country, 

 goni is a considerable article oF manufacture. It is a coarse 

 but very strong sack-cloth, from IS to £2 cubits in length, 

 and from \ to I- of a cubit broad ; and is made from the 

 janupa, ov crotalariajuncea. It is divided into three kinds, 

 which differ in value according to their strength and to the 

 closeness of the fabric. The same people, who are a par- 

 ticular cast of i33en, cultivate the plant, ami carry on the 

 manufacture, until the go7ii be fit for sale ; the price of the 

 hemp cannot therefore be ascertained, as it is not sold in 

 that state. The gojii-maker hires from some farmer as much 

 high ground as he thinks will raise a quantity i\^ janiipa suf- 

 ficient. to employ his family to manufacture in one year. 

 The soil ought to be red or black, like the best kinds used 

 for the cultivation of ragy. It is allowed no manure ; and 

 the seed is sown broad-cast on th-e ground, without any 

 previous cultivation, at the season when the rains become 

 what the natives call male, that is to say, when they be- 

 come heavy. After being sown, the field is ploughed twice, 

 once lengthwise, and once across ; but receives no further 

 cultivation- At other times the jafmpa is cultivated on rioe- 

 ground in the dry season ; but it must then be watered from 

 a canal, or reservoir. It requires four months to ripen, 

 which is known by the seeds having come to full maturity. 

 After being cut down, -it is spread out to the sun, andxlried. 

 The seed is then beaten out by strikingthe pods with a stick. 

 After this the stems arc tied upin largx? bundles, about 

 ^wo fathoms in circumference, and are prese,rved in stacks^ . 

 or under sheds. The bundles are taken out as wanted, 

 and put in the water, at which time their bands are cut, and 

 the stems being opened out are kept down to the bottom 

 by stones or mud. According to circumstances, ihey re- 

 <^uire to be kept in the water from six t() eight days. They 

 ^r^ known to be ready, when the bark separates easily &oa> 



X4 . "the 



