to Mr. Arthur Aikin. Q$7 



Now, your reviewer has described the cow as having four 

 dugs or breasts, whereas the cow, in fact, has only one 

 stock, or udder, and four teats. The word dug, as the 

 Elements before mentioned would have taught him, is the 

 breast of a beast, and teat is its appendage ; for, when ap- 

 plied, as above, to the female form, it is in derision; and 

 the word breast is used for the human subject, and its ap- 

 pendage is the nipple. The cow and the ivoman here are not 

 therefore at all objects of comparison; and he might have 

 learnt, p. 123 of the same Elements, " that when a cow 

 happens to have two calves, one of them a male the other 

 a female, the former is a perfect animal, but the latter is 

 incapable of propagation, and is called by fanners a free, 

 martin" 



When speaking of the undoubted instinct of young pigs, 

 I only casually mentioned, in the same note, that infants 

 oftentimes showed the like partiality for one breast, and 

 probably from the same instinct. 



As your cockney reviewer seems as ignorant as the Lon- 

 don painter, who represented his partridges billing, and 

 perched upon a spreading oak-tree, I must, for his~ sake, 

 trace a little further this subject.. 



When a ewe dies, leaving the bleating lamb, the other 

 ewes would beat this off, even the one that had lately lost 

 its own. Shepherds under such circumstances take off the 

 skin of the dead lamb, and sewing it on the body of the 

 living orphan bring it to the ewe so habited ; who smelling 

 the fleece, supposes its dead one restored, and cherishes the 

 orphan whom otherwise she would have rejected. 



So with fowls ; one brood is put under a hen with an 

 other brood, and the first hen kept out of the way. This is 

 impracticable in the day-tkne; the second hen would kill all 

 the stranger chickens : but not seeing them at night, they 

 partake by morning of the smell of the first, and she knows 

 not the difference. 



It would be endless to give instances of my own and 

 others' observations of the prodigious sagacity of divers ani- 

 mals in hunting, particularly hounds, setting-dogs, &c. 

 one therefore shall suffice of Mr. Boyle's, viz. " A person 

 of quality, to make a trial whether a young bloodhound 

 was well instructed, caused one of his- servants to walk to 

 a town four miles off, and then to a market-town three 

 miles from thence. The dog, without seeing the man he 

 was to pursue, followed him by the scent to the above- 

 mentioned places, notwithstanding the multitude cf market- 

 people that went alone: in the same way, and of travellers 

 2 that 



