66 



IMfROVED fUMP, 



Improved 

 pump for 

 sinking of 

 wells, mine- 

 shafts, &c. 



pumps are supported at proper distances, so as to suit the 

 length of the pipes, by beams, and across those are other 

 beams, upon which the flanches of die pipes rest : these last 

 are not fastened by any bolt, in order that they may be readily 

 removed. The pumps, by these means, remain stationary, and 

 the suction-pipe lengthens as the pit is sunk, until it is drawn 

 out to its full extent. The whole column is then lowered to 

 the next flanches, and another pipe is added to the top j the 

 lower end of the suction-pipe is formed somewhat like a 

 crank, in order that the sinkers, by turning it round upon the 

 other pipe, may move it from one place to another, and so 

 prevent the necessity of sinking immediately under it. 



Fourthly, The pumps being stationary, as above stated, 

 the pipe at the top will of course deliver the water at the same 

 level at all times, and instead of being obliged to lengtherf 

 the column every yard sunk, it will only be necessary every 

 nine feet. 



Fig. 1 . PI. II, is the section of a shaft or pit, with the pump 

 fixed in it j it is cast in lengths of nine feet each, screwed to- 

 gether by flanches, and supported by beams extending across 

 the pit, (as shown in the plan, fig. 6,): short pieces are laid across 

 these, with half circular holes in them j and these being put 

 round the pump, just beneath a flanch, sustain the pump 

 firmly, but may quickly be removed when it is required to 

 lower the pumps in the pit j and, as they are not fastened, 

 they do not prevent the pumps being drawn upwards j A, fig. 1, 

 is a door which unscrews, to get at the lower valve or clack 

 of the pump j this is more clearly explained in the enlarged 

 section, fig. 2, where A has the same designation, B, rig. 2, is 

 the working barrel, with the bucket D working in it \ E is th« 

 clack, also shewn enlarged in figs. 3 and 4 j F is the suction- 

 pipe, and GG the moveable lengthening piece \ this slides 

 over, and includes the other, as in fig. 2, when the pump is 

 first fixed ; but, as the pit is sunk, it slides down over the pipe 

 F, to reach the bottom, as in fig. 1 ; the outside of the inner 

 pipe F is turned true and smooth, and the inside of the outer 

 pipe G, at the upper end, is bored out to fit it -, the junction 

 is made perfect by leathers placed in the bottom of the cup 

 a a, which holds water and wet clay over them, to keep them 

 wet and pliable, and consequently air-tight -, the lower extre- 

 mity 



