SWIYELHEADKD CHURHSTAFF. on? 



fully proved to answer the very desirable purpose of reliev- 

 ing the hard labour of churning; which it does iu a m-uh 

 greater degree than could be supposed, from a slight view 

 of its simplicity and apparent small deviation from the com- 

 mon churn staff". It however passes With much more ease 

 through the cream. It must be worked much slower than Requires to be 

 the common, otherwise it is found to churn the cream too 

 soon, or, according to the technical term in this county, 

 to swell it. 



I have tried it in a variety of forms and sizes ; with six 

 wings the labour was less relieved; also when i gavelet 

 bevel to the ends of the wings. 



When I gave more bevel it passed through without pro- Best form of it, 

 ducing the intended effects. Experience therefore has con- 

 vinced me, that it is best to have four wings from six to 

 seven inches in length, from the centre, according to the 

 size of the churn for which it is intended, from two and a 

 half to three inches in breadth, made plaue in the centre 

 or middle, about the fourth part of their length, and then 

 bevelled regularly off, so that the extreme point shall form 

 an angle of about 45 degrees with the plaue of the middle. 

 The plane part acts with its usual force upon the middle 

 of the body of the milk; and the points turning rapidly 

 round give a kind of compound motion to the whole, and 

 that also alternate, and yet it does not in the least splash 

 or throw out the cream as in the common mode. 

 I am, Sir, 



Your obedient servant, 



TIMOTHY FISHER, 

 Gun-maker. 



Thomas Ecclestone, Esq., of Scarisbrick Hall, near i ts superiority, 

 0rmskirk, certified, that he had seen Mr. Fisher's new 

 method of churning butter, aud that he thinks it superior 

 to any he had heretofore known for that purpose, and that 

 such was also the opinion of several other persons in the 

 farming line who had witnessed its effects. 



Reference to the Engraving of Mr. Fisher's Chum Staff. 

 Fig. 7, PI. VIII, is a section of an upright churn, in the Explanation of 

 situation it would be when at work, and Jtigvfi and 6 are en- the plate. 



larged 



