CALL'S CRAN10GN0MIC SYSTEM. 201 



never be created if not given by nature * ; that the accumula- 

 tion of organs is conftantly made from back to front, and from 

 below upwards, fo that, animals in proportion as they refemble 

 man in the quantity of their faculties, have the fuperior and 

 anterior part of the cranium more developed; and laftly in 

 man, the mofl perfect of animals, there are organs in the fu- 

 perior and anterior parts of the frontal and parietal bones af- 

 figned to faculties which exclutively belong to him. " In this 

 lail point of view it is that the u;fcoveries of Gall perfectly 

 coincide with the theory of the facial angle, which appears to 

 confirm their truth." 



It is difficult to give an accurate and fatisfactory account of Detail of the 

 the detail of this fyftem, and of the various organs which Dr. y 

 Gall has difcovered, without ftating the variety of facts and 

 examples which he exhibits as evidence to prove what he ad- 

 vances ; I will however undertake this enumeration, being 

 perfuaded that it will in many refpects (hew the author's man- 

 ner of reafoning, and give a clear notion of the manner of 

 proceeding required to obtain his refults f . 



1 . Tlie Organ of Tenacity of Life. 



The firft organ which the author thinks he has difcovered Organs, 

 is that of the tenacity of life, tenacitas vita; he fuppofes the yj Ct ena y 

 medulla oblongata to be its feat ; and as the circumference of 

 the great aperture of the occiput is in direct proportion to the 

 extent of the medulla oblongata, he judges of the intenfity of 

 the life of an animal by the magnitude of this perforation. 



The obfervations which' fupport this opinion are, that the 

 perforation is generally larger in the cranium of women than 

 men ; that it is conftantly of greater extent in the cat, the 

 otter, the beaver, the badger, &c. animals which are known 

 to be extremel) tenacious of life. And the molt fpeedy me- 

 thod of killing an animal is to divide the fpinal marrow. 



2. Organ of Injiincl for felf-prefervation. 

 Forwarder than the medulla oblongata at the place where it *• Self-prefer- 

 quits the brain, the author fuppofes the organ of love of life, or vatl0n# 

 injiincl for felf-prefervation to exift. 



* It is neceflary that the germ of any organ fhould fubfift in the 

 pmbryo, in order to its fubfequent developement as an organ. 

 •j- Compare the correfponding numbers with thofe of Plate X* 



As 



