244 Mr. J. Phillips's Remarks on the Geology 



In September 1825, I again traversed the line from Craike 

 by Wass Bank to Helmsley; in September 1826, the Rev. 

 W, V. Vernon and myself twice observed with attention the 

 country about Ebberston and Snainton; and in October 1827, 

 I very carefully reviewed with a barometer in my hand the 

 whole line from Scarborough to Brandsby. 



The roads from Craike and Brandsby to Helmsley, and from 

 Helmsley to Scarborough, are lines remarkably well adapted 

 for inquiring into the stratification of the country in question, 

 and slight deviations to the right and left are easily made. 



Some results of these several investigations I now beg to sub- 

 mit to the consideration of the Society. 



Four strata or formations as usually enumerated, are seen 

 along the north side of the Vale of Pickering. 

 Kimmeridge clay. 

 Coralline oolite. 

 Calcareous grit. 

 Oxford clay. 

 Of these the Kimmeridge clay, coralline oolite, and calca- 

 reous grit, may be considered as well identified by imbedded 

 fossils with the strata bearing those names in the midland and 

 southern parts of England. The Oxford clay is defined by its 

 position between the well identified calcareous grit and Kel- 

 loways rock, and contains besides some ammonites which lo- 

 cally serve to characterize it. 



Kimmeridge Clay, — It was in 1824 that I first had the plea- 

 sure of finding in the Kimmeridge clay, where it had been ex- 

 posed by cutting the road at the east end of Kirby Moorside, 

 plenty of characteristic pieces of Ostrea deltoidea, a fossil which 

 Mr. Smith and myself had always considered to mark this 

 stratum. The clay here is thin, contains minute layers of brown 

 and white sandy lumps, in the upper part of which lies an am- 

 monite like A. jplicomphalus (Min. Conch.), and covers brown 

 sandy stone incumbent on coralline oolite. The clay rises to 

 the north, and forms the little insular hills which have recently 

 afforded new examples of Ostrea deltoidea. From Kirby to 

 Sinnington it retires to the south of the road, but beyond Sin- 

 nington forms a hill nearly a hundred and twenty feet high 

 above the stream which there exposes the uppermost beds of 

 the oolitic series beneath. From this point its course is wholly 

 on the south of the road, but so much concealed by the allu- 

 vial and diluvial covering, that it would be a difficult matter to 

 represent it on a map with even tolerable accuracy. It is seen 

 on the coast at intervals from Filey to the Speeton Cliffs ; but 

 Ostrea deltoidea has never yet been found there. Unless at 

 "about one mile east of Helmsley, the Kimmeridge clay lies 



wholly 



