266 Method of constructing 



fco that no holes are left in the upper courses of the wall, 

 more than the bolt holes. 



When these frames are used, one side is placed in such a 

 direction, that the front or end may be required to be taken 

 away, and then by means of the angular iron brace K, the 

 other return is sure to stand at right angles with the first. 

 Care should then be taken, in the first course, to set the 

 sides level : that being done, the other upper courses, from 

 the nature of the frames, and manner of using them, must 

 of course come upright and level without any particular 

 care,and a wall being properly begun, cannot well gel wrong. 

 After the first course of a building is done, the moulds 

 should be moved to another, and so on till all the courses 

 are up; and as the top holes of each preceding course be- 

 come the bottom holes in the succeeding ones, no difficulty 

 will be found in fixing the mould after the first course is 

 properly done. 



Fig. 6. shows the iron pin and staples that keep the in- 

 ternal angle of the frame together. K, fig. 4. an iron stay 

 to set the returns at right angles. This is only wanted 

 where other means of setting the building square are not to 

 be obtained. 



Having described the frame, and means of applying it 

 generally, it may be necessary to observe the following par- 

 ticulars in the process.- Having carried one course round 

 the building, it frequently happens that the top thereof be- 

 comes too dry to attach to the next succeeding course, and 

 therefore it is adviseable that, as soon as the frame is set for 

 the succeeding course, a small quantity of thick grout, com- 

 posed of ~ lime, and ± earth, be poured on top of each 

 course, immediately before the first layer of earth is put in. 

 A very small quantity is sufficient, and will add much to 

 the strength of the work, by cementing the courses well 

 together at the joints. The workman should also, with 

 the corner of hjs rammer, in ramming home to the upright 

 joints, cut down a little of that part of the wall, up to which 

 he works; this will make the upright joints key together, 

 and unite in a solid manner. Having thus proceeded and 

 got up the walls, the next thing will be to stop the bolt 

 holes, with mortar made \ jime and -f- earth the same as the 

 wall. 



The earth proper for this work should be neither sand nor 

 clay, but partaking of both. Clay is particularly objection- 

 able, as is also chalk, or calcareous earth of any sort. Sand 

 is also not proper, unless accompanied with some binding 

 quality : the bolder and coarser the sort of earth the better. 



When 



