commodious Houses with Earthen Walls. £65 



manner as the joints of brickwork : this is accomplished by 

 making the lower course of wail upon the brickwork only 

 half the length of the mould, which is clone by placing'the 

 end board G of the mould in the middle of it. The next, 

 course over this is to be made the whole length of the mould, 

 the next one only half, and so on, as shown in the figure. 



Improved Moulds and Description of making Earth IFalls, 

 by Mr. R. Salmon, ofWohurn, Bedfordshire, 



The model of the frame in possession of the Society \<& 

 made to a scale of an inch to a foot, the frame at large is 

 made of 1^- inch deal, ploughed and tongucd together. The 

 bolts and pins or keys of iron, as are also the plates on the 

 holes in the sides of the frame; These plates are put to 

 prevent the keys from cutting into the wood, and the ho!e$ 

 from gulling and wearing. 



This sort of mould is calculated for making walls, either 

 fourteen or sixteen inches thick, and the model (or perspec- 

 tive view of it in the distance of Plate VI.) shows how the 

 mould is to be applied for making the corner of a building 

 of the sixteen inch wall ; the same moulds may be applied 

 for a fourteen inch wall, ffbt'ing the outer sides. FH the 

 inner sides. When employed for straight walls, or making 

 good between the corners of buildings, the two returns of 

 the frames are used in pairs, ff and FH make two sets of 

 frames. "The board marked G must be of width equal to 

 the thickness of walls to be made, and are for the purpose 

 of stopping the earth, and making ends or jaumbs to doors 

 or windows, or wherever wanted. The piece of wood P is 

 two inches thick, and is for the purpose of making out the 

 external sides of the moulds, from a fourteen inch to a six- 

 teen inch wall : by introducing this piece between the two 

 sidesyy, and putting the fixed iron pins in the outer holes 

 Z Z, and taking away the blocks under the heads of the 

 outer bolts, the sides of the frame will then be sixteen inches, 

 as under, and thereby adapted for a sixteen inch wall. Fio-. tj| 

 are pieces of wood about 1 J- inch square, and cut to the 

 length of the thickness of the wall, and are for gauges to 

 be applied on top of the bolt, to keep the keys from draw- 

 ing the sides too close together. 



In beginning the wall, some of them are necessary at the 

 bottom, the more firmly to support the frame on the brick 

 or stone work. They .are then worked into the wall, and, 

 after the frame is taken down, drove out. Alter the first 

 course, they are only necessary to the top irons, aud may 

 J)c taken out as soon as the earth is rammed up near them, 



SQ 



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