of Champagne in France* Si 



of the extremity o: the plant, to which a horizontal and 

 erect position is also given. Each hole of this kind is one 

 foot and a half from the one adjoining, and on the same 

 line in vineyards where the soil is rich ; two feet being al- 

 lowed in light soils. An interval of three feet is left between 

 the rows of the plants, and care is taken when a new row is 

 begun : the plants must not be placed perpendicularly, and 

 directly above each other* 



• VI. What is the Way in which tfte Shoots are made f 



The plants are inserted into turfs, or in longuettes* The 

 longuette is a mere naked twig, which had been left the 

 year preceding, and which is now carefully raised and de* 

 tached, leaving the young roots behind it. 



The turf plant, or marcotte, consists in digging up a turf 

 in the marshes, and introducing into it in spring, by means 

 of a hole made in the middle of the turf, the longuette or 

 slip intended to be planted : this shoot with its earthy ap- 

 pendage is then fixed in the ground, sloping it as usual : 

 the root is formed in the course of the year, and with a 

 pruning-knife the longuette is cut close to the top of the 

 shoot, and they are then removed by men, or on the backs 

 of animals, in order to be afterwards planted : this last way 

 is the most expensive, but it is the surest, and advances 

 the vine very fast in respect to vegetation. 



One hundred of longuettes or bare slips cost four or five 

 livres, and turf plants cost from 12 to 14 livres. 



But as two longuettes are requisite for each hole or fur- 

 row, when they plant in this way there is a trifling saving, 

 although the other method is far preferable. 



VII. Is Grafting advantageous f 

 Grafting is not in general use, except in the vines be- 

 longing to the vine-dressers themselves, and in the large 

 plant : these vines when grafted become yellow, and lan- 

 guish. The graft remains for some years exposed to the air, 

 humidity, and to bad management of the labourer, and in 

 short to all the intemperance of the climate. 



Vol. 33. No. 129. Jan, isoo. F VIII. How 



