of various Vegetable and Animal Sulstances. J 



partakes of the nature of welding or caking pit-coal, and 

 most of them in distillation exhibited similar phaenomena. 



The substances operated upon in the following experi- 

 ments yield a carbonaceous residuum, more of the nature of 

 wood, in so far as the original masses are seldom, or but 

 slightly, altered in shape or appearance during the operation 

 of distilling. 



Experiment XIII. 



Sivedish Turnip that had remained in the ground during 

 the winter, washed clean, and separated from the skin, 500 

 grains, emitted during distillation a strong smell of vege- 

 table matter, and towards the close of the operation a 

 minute portion of flame. A fine prismatic coal was ob- 

 tained which weighed 20 grains. — Loss by distillation 480 

 grains. 



Component parts : Volatile matter 96 

 Oxide of carbon 4 



100 parts. 



The skins were distilled in a similar manner, and with a 

 similar result as to coal. The product was only equal to 

 3-4 parts in 100. 



Experiment XIV. 



Potatoe. — A well washed potatoe dried, weighed 697 

 grains. After distillation, a beautiful prismatic coal was 

 found. The original shape of the potatoe was still preserved, 

 but the internal structure was materially changed ; a regular 

 arrangement, of delicately coloured cavities h*d succeeded 

 the vegetable organization, and the whole considerably re- 

 sembled a honeycomb. The product was found to weigh 

 36 grains, having lost in distillation 661 grains. 



Component parts : Volatile matter 94*83 

 Oxide of carbon 5*17 



100 parts, 



Experiment XV. 

 Garden Beans, 330 grains. — In distillation these yielded 

 a small portipn of grayish blue flame. The beans were found 



A 4 possessed 



