42 Notices respecting New Books. 



mineral and organic contents of each formation respectively. The 

 two groups of the Shanklin-sands are described in a very discrimina- 

 tive and particular manner ; and an extract of a letter from Dr. 

 Fitton is annexed, stating his confirmed opinion that the tract of 

 country in Sussex, consisting of these sands, is geologically identical 

 with that of the vicinity of Folkstone in Kent. 



The " Wealden " includes " the Weald-clay, Hastings-sand, iron- 

 sand, and Tilgate-beds of various geological writers." 



In this section of the work, after describing the transition from 

 the green-sand to the weald-clay, and stating that the escarpment 

 of the former is every where prolonged by a considerable slope of 

 the adjacent clay, Mr. Martin describes the beds assimilating to the 

 Hastings-sand, which he has discovered in the Weald, in the fol- 

 lowing terms : 



" Besides this slope, there is from the bottom of the green-sand a 

 breadth of from a quarter to half a mile of clay, giving together an 

 average depth, perhaps of 150 or 200 feet. At a moderate depth 

 from the surface, this clay is generally blue, running into layers of 

 hard blue shale, often impressed with theCypris faba; and contain- 

 ing nodular concretions in concentric layers of ferruginous clay, 

 sometimes containing calcareous matter. These argillo-calcareous 

 Septaria are sometimes coated with a ferruginous concrete, con- 

 taining casts of shells of the genera Cyclas, Cyrena, and Paludina, 

 with the Cypris faba. At the top of this stratum, also, at its junc- 

 tion with the green-sand, in one locality, the author has discovered 

 large bones of vertebrated animals* inclosed in a ferruginous con- 

 crete of sand and clay, but too imperfect to be appropriated. 



" At the bottom of this first layer of the weald-clay, appears the 

 first bed of sand, of which the thickness is uncertain. Sections have 

 been made in it to the depth of twenty or thirty feet, and it is pro- 

 bably as much more. It is a brownish-yellow micaceous sand, 

 abounding in white argillaceous veins, and with a coarse iron-rag f, 

 sometimes containing casts of Cyclades, the teeth and scales of 

 fishes, and vegetable impressions J, and in every respect assimila- 

 ting to what has been hitherto considered the true Hastings-sand. 

 The course of this bed of sand has been particularly attended to, 

 and it has been traced through all the line of country here attempted 

 to be described. From Mulsey (in the line of section of the Arun- 

 del and Bognor road), tracing it westward, it may be found at 



* «* At Henfield between the village and the turnpike-gate, on the Hors- 

 ham road, associated with Vivipara." 



f " The sand is sometimes sufficiently indurated to form a building stone. 

 And the iron-rag frequently becomes a conglomerate of sand and clay, with 

 angular, and sometimes slightly rolled fragments of chert and sandstone. 

 It has been extensively quarried in this part of the" country, anciently, for 

 smelting." 



J " A specimen of Endogenites erosa from this course of sand, was found 

 near Mulsey, and is now in the possession of Mr. Sowerby. It measures 

 about ten inches in length, and six in circumference, and has lost a few 

 inches at its apex. At the base, it is broader than that figured in Mantell's 

 Tilgate Forest. The petrifying matter is silex." 



Bignor 



