Borealis above the Surface of the Earth. 4-21 



At Jedburgh, Hawick and Kelso, places about forty miles 

 south of Edinburgh, the phaenomena were much the same as 

 above, as appears from the Kelso Chronicle. (See also the 

 London Courier, April 7th, and other of the daily papers.) 

 At Jedburgh the arch is said to have commenced at 8 h 15 m 

 on the W. by S. point of the horizon, to have passed south 

 of the star Aldebaran, between Castor and Pollux, and over 

 Arcturus ; its altitude 60° from the S. ; waves of light seemed 

 to run along the arch. At 8 h 30 m the whole advanced 20° 

 to the S. At Hawick it was at first 20° S. of the zenith, and 

 at 8 h 40 m it was stationary at 37° S. of the zenith ; the arch 

 passed 6° N. of Arcturus, 7° S. of Cor Caroli, 6° N. of Coma 

 Berenices, through the hind foot of Ursa Major, 4° N. of 

 Asellus Borealis, 6° S. of Pollux, through the head of Mo- 

 noceros, through the three stars in Orion's girdle, and 1° S. 

 of Rigel. From this it would seem that the arch, instead of 

 appearing low in the north from the last-mentioned places, as 

 it must have done if situated only five or even ten miles above 

 the earth's surface, appeared as far to the south of the zenith 

 as at Edinburgh, or' rather further. This latter it could not 

 do ; and in such circumstances it is reasonable to allow a dif- 

 ference of a few degrees in the estimates of altitudes of arches 

 neither well defined nor absolutely fixed, and possessing several 

 degrees of breadth ; but it clearly shows the arch was not low. 

 The author of the Hawick account signs, Gideon Scott. 



At Carlisle, seventy-five miles S. of Edinburgh, the phae- 

 nomena were much the same as in the preceding accounts. 

 See the two weekly newspapers of that city. 



About Cockermouth, twenty-five miles S. of Carlisle, I con- 

 versed with many persons who had seen the phaenomena. One 

 young gentleman, Mr. Harris, had committed to paper at the 

 time some notes upon it, with which he favoured me. Ac- 

 cording to these, he first saw the arch at 7 h 45 m P.M., it ex- 

 tended nearly from the western to the eastern horizon, through 

 the W. part of the head of Orion, over Castor and Pollux, 

 S. of Ursa Major, and ended in Corona Borealis ; it continued 

 with little variation in its situation till near 10 o'clock. At 

 first the west end of the arch was most luminous, and finally 

 before it vanished the east end was the most brilliant. The 

 eastern end waxed and waned frequently. The sky was very 

 clear, a few streamers appeared low in the horizon. 



At Keswick, about twelve miles east of Cockermouth, the 

 appearance was described as follows, in a letter to me from 

 Mr. Otley. — This gentleman is known to the public by an 

 elegant little description of the Lakes and Mountains of the 

 North of England, and is familiar with observations relating 



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