of the Hyderabad Country. 13 



ancient column, which might be expected to be soon levelled 

 with the ground, by the agency of the weather. 



All the granite of Hyderabad is stratified or lamellar. The 

 strata and lamellae vary in thickness, from less than an inch 

 to many feet. They have no definite direction or dip ; but 

 are generally curved, sometimes to a small extent horizontal, 

 waved, or perpendicular. 



The granite on one side of a small hill, close to that of 

 Shapoor, near the Beema, has the appearance (when seen at 

 a little distance) of being columnar; but when it is examined 

 more closely, it is evident that this appearance arises from the 

 following circumstance : — The lamella? of the granite are per- 

 pendicular, and had formerly made a very rapid curve at the 

 top. By the influence of the weather, this curve has been 

 worn down, and has thus allowed the inferior perpendicular 

 part of the lamellae to separate a little from each other ; and 

 accordingly, when seen transversely, they closely resemble 

 columns* 



The internal structure of the granite is almost always small 

 granular*. The proportions of its constituent parts vary ex- 

 ceedingly. In many instances the mica is entirely wanting ; 

 and when situated near quartz, the granite and quartz are fre- 

 quently found to pass gradually into one another. 



The colour of the granite is sometimes red, in other in- 

 stances gray, white, or blackish, according to the colour of 

 the felspar, and according as one or other of the constituent 

 parts predominate. Different colours often occur at very small 

 distances in the same stratum, or lamella ; and it is not un- 

 common to meet with strata of different colours resting on one 

 another. 



Frequently nodules and small veins of granite, having a very 

 large proportion of mica, and occasionally veins of pure mica, 

 are found in the common granite, from which (in some cases) 

 they easily separate when the rock is broken ; but in other in- 

 stances they are intimately connected with, and gradually pass 

 into the surrounding rock. 



The quartz and trap, by which the granite is every where 

 intersected, occur under the form of mountain masses and 

 veins. Sometimes, though more rarely, the trap is found in 

 nodules. The veins vary from a few inches to many miles in 

 length. Their junction with the bounding rock is sometimes 

 distinct, while in other cases they are intermingled at their 

 sides with the neighbouring granite. 



The quartz is sometimes intermixed with felspar, which 



* I will not venture to assert that it is invariably small granular, for my 

 observations have not been sufficiently extensive. 



makes 



