306 Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles, 



•a 



ficiently answered to the terms of the question, to be entitled to the 

 grand mathematical prize. 



Astronomical Prize, founded by M. Lalande. — The medal was 

 adjudged to MM. Carlini of Milan, and Plana of Turin, authors 

 of a work On geodesical and astronomical observations, &c. 



Prize for experimental Physiology, founded by M. Montyon. — A 

 gold medal was adjudged to M. Dutrochet, for his discovery of the 

 phenomena which he has detailed under the name of Endosmosis. 

 — Another medal was given to MM. Andouin and Edwards, for their 

 experiments and observations upon the circulation and respiration 

 of the Crustacea. 



Prize for discovering the means of rendering an art or trade less 

 unhealthy, founded by M. Montyon. — This prize was not awarded. 



Prize founded by M. Montyon, for improving the healing art. — To 

 M. Chervin, for his work on the yellow fever, 10,000 francs were 

 awarded. 5000 francs to Baron Heurteloup, for his important im- 

 provements and ingenious instruments introduced this year in li- 

 thotrity. To Dr. Gruethuisen, for his works on the same subject, 

 a gold medal of the value of 1000 francs. 



Statistical Prize founded by M. Montyon.— This was awarded to 

 M. Thomas, for his statistical account of the Isle of Bourbon. 



LI II. Intelligence and Miscellaneous Articles, 



CHLORINE IN BLACK OXIDE OF MANGANESE. 



IN a former number of the Phil. Mag. and Annals I have noticed 

 a paper published by Mr. MacMullen in the Institution Journal, 

 the object of which was to prove that the native black oxide of man- 

 ganese contains chloric acid. In my remarks I supposed I had 

 proved that the source of chlorine was chloride of lime, which I 

 found in all the specimens of peroxide of manganese submitted to 

 examination. Mr. MacMullen has replied to my observations, and 

 contends for the accuracy of his experiments and the inferences de- 

 duced from them. The only answer I think it necessary to give, is 

 the observation of Dr. Turner printed in the Phil. Mag. for Au- 

 gust last. " It is the accidental presence of the muriates which gives 

 rise to the disengagement of chlorine when sulphuric acid is added 

 to some of the native oxides of manganese, and which induced 

 Mr. MacMullen to regard chloric acid as a constituent of these 

 ores. For the correction of this error we are indebted to Mr. Richard 

 Phillips*, with whose observation my own experiments correspond ; 

 — none of the native oxides yield a trace of chlorine on the addition 

 of sulphuric acid, provided the muriates have been previously re- 

 moved by washing." 



In the Institution Journal for April last, Mr. James F. W. John- 

 ston has advanced opinions respecting some compounds of manga- 

 nese, which are almost as extraordinary and quite as groundless as 



* Phil. Mag. and Annals, N.S. vol. i. p. 313. 



those 



