264 NATURAL HISTORY OF AQUATIC ANIMALS. 



and most abundant northward. It lives in water of moderate depth. It forms about two per 

 cent, of the total rock-fish catch, and is always readily salable. It is the most attractive in color 

 of any of the dark-colored species. 



BLACK AND YELLOW GARRTJPA (Sebastichthys chrysomelas Jor. & Gilb.). This species also 

 is confounded under the names "Garrupa" and "Rock-cod." It is one of the smaller species, reach- 

 ing a weight of about two pounds. It ranges from San Nicolas Island to San Francisco, and is 

 generally common in water of moderate depth, although not one of the most abundant species. 

 It is an attractive fish in color and therefore readily salable.. 



FLESH-COLORED GARRUPA (Sebastichthys carnatus Jor. & Gilb.). This species reaches a 

 somewhat larger size than the last, and ranges from Santa Barbara to San Francisco. About San 

 Francisco it is considerably more abundant, forming nearly seven per cent, of the total rock- 

 fish catch. 



YELLOW-BACKED ROCK-FISH (Sebastichthys maliger Jor. & Gilb.). We have heard no dis- 

 tinctive name for this species. It ranges from Monterey to Puget Sound, in rather deep -water- 

 It is not very common about San Francisco, but many are caught in the Straits of Fuca. It is one 

 of the largest of the species, reaching a weight of six or eight pounds. As a food-fish it is not as 

 good as some of the others. 



RED GARRUPA (Sebastichthys caurinus and subsp. vexillaris Jor. & Gilb.). This species is 

 known as "Garrupa," "Rock -fish," and "Rock-cod." It reaches a length of twenty inches and a 

 weight of six pounds. It ranges from San Nicolas to Puget Sound, being generally common in 

 water of moderate depth. It is subject to greater variations than any of the other species in the 

 different parts of its range. It forms about seven per cent, of the total rock-cod catch. Its flesh 

 ranks as about average. 



GRASS ROCK-FISH (Sebastichthys rmtrelliyer Jor. & Gilb.). This species, like all those of dusky 

 color, is known as "Garrupa." At San Francisco it is often called "Grass Rock-fish," perhaps 

 from its color. It reaches a weight of two to four pounds. It lives in water of moderate depth, 

 and is rather common everywhere from San Nicolas to Humboldt Bay. Its abundance is greatest 

 south of Point Concepcion. It is said to be the best of all the Rock-fish for the table, and to be 

 an especial favorite with the Jews. 



BROWN ROCK-FISH (Sebastichthys auriculatm (Girard) Gill). This species seldom receives a 

 distinctive name from the fishermen. It reaches a weight of three or four pounds, although as 

 usually seen in the markets it is smaller than any other of the species. This is owing to the fact 

 that its young are caught in seines in the bay, while those of other species are less frequently 

 taken, and then only in the open ocean. It ranges from San Martin Island to Puget Sound, living 

 in shallow water and entering all the bays, and being taken with a hook from all the wharves. It 

 is thus apparently more abundant than any other species, although in actual numbers probably 

 many of the deep-water forms (S'. fiavidus, pinniger, rosaceus) far exceed it. As a food-fish it is held 

 in lower esteem than most of the others. 



PKSCE VERMIGLIA (Sebastichthys cMorostictus Jor. & Gilb.). This species is known as "Pesce 

 Vermiglia," or "Vermilion-fish," by the Portuguese fishermen at Monterey. It is known only from 

 Monterey JJay and the Farallones, occurring about the rocks in considerable depths of water and 

 being taken only with the hook. In its native haunts it is not a rare species. It reaches a weight 

 of three, or lour pounds, and is excellent food. 



FLY-FISH (Sebastichthys rhodochlm-is Jor.& Gilb.). The inexplicable name of "Fly-fish "is given 

 to this species by the fishermen at Monterey. Like the preceding, it is known only from very deep 



