PACIFIC COAST: WASHINGTON TEEBITOEY. 629 



a boat (Italian) of about 1 ton burdeu. The fish taken are either shipped directly to Sau Francisco 

 or else salted. Some of them are sold in the town, and occasionally some shipped to Portland. 



NEW DUNGENESS. Some scattering fishing for salmon, dog-fish, &c., is done at this point, 

 and a good deal of fishing is done by Indians on the way toward Cape Flattery. 



NEAn BAY. At this point there is a considerable reservation of Indians who do nothing but 

 fishing and sealing. The fur-seal fisheries of Cape Flattery are of considerable importance, and 

 are elsewhere discussed by Judge Swan. 



Halibut fishing is here an important industry, several hundred pounds being brought in every 

 day. Most of the halibut are taken just outside of the Straits of Fuca on a halibut bank, some 12 

 miles west-northwest of Neah Bay. The halibut are taken with large hooks made of an iron or 

 bone spike, firmly bound to wood. They are taken for the whole length of the Straits of Fuca, but 

 most abundantly near the sea, and in the main channels as far as Seattle and Sau Juan at least. 



Many rockfish (S. nigrocinctus, melano2)s, nebulosus, ritber) are taken, also immense cultus-cod 

 (Ophiodon), and occasionally a true cod (Gadus morrhua). 



Near Neah Bay was formerly a cannery, which has now suspended. It canned the halibut 

 and the hoopid salmon (Oncorltynckus kisutch), as well as young or suitable salmon of other species. 

 The hooped salmon is fat and excellent. The canned halibut cannot compete with canned salmon, 

 the boiled flesh being white and flavorless, and therefore unattractive, while the expense of manu- 

 facture is not much less than that of canned salmon. 



QUINNAULT. In the Qniuuault Eiver a small salmon runs, said to be very fat and of superior 

 quality. This is probably 0. nerla. 



GRAY'S HARBOR. No regular fishing. A salmon cannery was formerly located here, but it 

 is no longer in operation. 



SHOALWATER BAY. No fishermen are located here, and no fishing is done. The oyster 

 interest has been elsewhere discussed. It is said that the bay is growing up to sea wrack, to the 

 injury of the oysters. 



VICTORIA. Some ten fishermen, chiefly Italian, are engaged in fishing at Victoria. They 

 fish with hook and line, taking halibut, rock-cod (S. ruler, S. maliger), dogfish, and ground shark 

 (Sonmiosus). 



The halibut is mostly bought by an American and shipped fresh on the steamers Idaho and 

 Dakota to the San Francisco market. The chief supply of halibut at Sau Francisco comes from 

 Victoria. Formerly a schooner belonging at Astoria was engaged in transporting halibut from 

 Cape Flattery and the west coast of Vancouver's Island to Sau Francisco, but the attempt was 

 abandoned after one season. Combinations among the Italian fish dealers in Sau Francisco are 

 discouraging to shippers, as often the price of large consignments will be brought down to figures 

 unreasonably low on perishable fish. 



Other fishermen use the seine and bring in tomcod (Microi/ndiin) and various flounders, 

 especially Parophrys retitlus and Pleuronectes stellatus. Many herring are also taken. 



A large part of the supply of the Victoria market comes from Eraser's Eiver. In their season 

 (May) the eutachou (Thakichthys pacificus) is the best pan-fish in this region. They run up the 

 lower Fraser in enormous numbers, and every fish feeds on them. Even the sturgeons gorge 

 themselves upon them. 



The "sucheye" salmon (OncorJiynchtis nerka) is shipped to Victoria in large numbers, and a 

 less quantity of the sawkwey (0. cliouMta) and sturgeon (A. Iransmonlanus) also find a ready sale at 

 low prices. The green sturgeon (A. niwlii-oxtrix) is never eaten. 



