434 



ANATOMY OF VERTEBRATES. 



332 



differentiated as such by its glandular tunic and marked com- 

 mencement than in Lcnutridn : the appendix is terminal, but is 

 long and convolute in the Orangs (Pithecus) : in the Chimpan- 

 zees (Tro(/l<>(l i/tex] there is a more marked constriction between 

 the appendix and the ciucum. The colon is sacculated and mo- 

 derately long in all Catarhines : it is loosely suspended by a 

 broad mesocolon, and only in tailless apes does the crecum begin 

 to adhere, through an incomplete peritoneal investment, to the 

 right hypogastric region. 



330. Alimentary canal of Bimana.- -The chief characters of 

 the canal in this order are the termination of the gullet almost as 



soon as it has entered the ab- 

 domen ; the more extensive 

 and closer adhesion of parts of 

 the alimentary canal, as the 

 duodenum, caecum, beginning 

 and end of colon, to the abdo- 

 minal walls, which relates to 

 the erect posture ; the more 

 definite and finished character 

 of the several parts of the canal ; 

 and the modification of the 

 lining membrane of the small 

 intestines, called ' valvulas con- 

 niventes, ' for a more com- 

 plete and efficient extraction 

 of nutritious matter from the 

 chyme. 



The stomach presents a 

 greater extent transversely to 

 the abdomen than in Quadru- 

 mana, and the blind left end 

 (' saccus caucus,' Haller) is less 

 extended and expanded than 

 in Monkeys and Lemurs, the 

 O3sophagus opening more to 

 the left, and leaving a more 

 extensive ( lesser curvature,' 

 fig. 332, c, P. Anthropotomy distinguishes the ' cardiac orifice,' 

 fig. 333,,^r ; the ' cardiac pouch ' or ' blind sac,' ib. g, d ; the 'lesser 

 curvature,' ib. a, e, b ; the ( greater curvature,' ib. g, d,f, c, h ; the 

 ' pyloric portion,' ib. e, b, b, c ; and its orifice or ( pylorus,' 

 ib. b, b. In a state of moderate distension the length of the 



Stomach and intestina cnna of the adult Human 

 subject. CXLVIII". 



