340 THE HIND FOOT OR PES. [CHAI-. 



the carpus, as shown in Fig. 90, p. 281. They have been 

 described in their most generalised condition by Gegenbaur 

 under the names expressed in the first column of the 

 following table. 1 The names in the second column are 

 those by which they are most generally known in this 

 country, and which will be used in the present work, while 

 in the third column some synonyms, occasionally employed, 

 are added. 2 



Tibiale ~\ ^ , 



Astralagus = lalus. 



Intermedium J 



Fibulare Calcaneum Os calcis. 



Centrale Navicular Scaphoideum. 



Tarsale i Internal Cuneiform Entocuneiforme. 



Tar sale 2 Middle Cuneiform Mesocuneiforme. 



Tar sale 3 External Cuneiform Ectocunei/orme. 



Tarsale A ) , , ., 



Cuboid. 

 / arsau 5 } 



Tar said 5 



The bones of the tarsus of Mammals present fewer diver- 

 sities of number and arrangement than those of the carpus. 



1 " Untersuchungen zur vergleichenden Anatomic; Carpus und 

 Tarsus/' 1864. 



z Recent researches of Baur, " On the Morphology of the Tarsus in 

 the Mammals, 1 ' American Naturalist, January, 1885, make it probable 

 that a certain bone on the tibial side of the tarsus of Hyrax, many 

 Edentates, Ornithorhynchus and Rodents (cf. p. 349) and hitherto 

 looked upon as a sesamoid bone is the rudimentary tarsale tibiale, 

 whilst the astragalus is the intermedium, representing the lunare of the 

 hand. This tibiale is frequently fused with the centrale, the navicular 

 bone in such cases containing the elements of the centrale and tibiale. 



The homologies of the proximal row of the Mammalian tarsus would 

 therefore, according to Baur, be the following- 



Tibiah = Sesamoid. Fibulare -- Calcaneum. 



Intermedium - - Astragalus. Centrale Navicular. 



See also Bardeleben, " Zur Morphogie des Hand- und Fuss-skelets. 

 Sitzungsberichte lena. Gesellsch. Med. Nat. 1885. 



