CHAPTER XX. 



THE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE BONES OF THE ANTE- 

 RIOR AND POSTERIOR EXTREMITY AND THE MODIFICA- 

 TIONS OF THE POSITIONS OF THE LIMBS. 



THAT a general correspondence exists in the plan of con- 

 struction of the anterior and posterior extremity cannot fail 

 to strike the most superficial observer, though to follow out 

 this correspondence into all its details has severely exercised 

 the ingenuity of many an anatomist. 



It would be quite beside the character of the present 

 work to give an historical account of the numerous and 

 very various views which have been held upon this sub- 

 ject, 1 but I propose to lay before the student in a condensed 



For the bibliography of this question, see Ch. Martins, " Nouvelle 

 omparaison des mernbres," (Mern. de 1' Academic de Montpellier, 

 1857); Mivart, "On some Points in the Anatomy of Echidna 

 hystrix," (Linn. Soc. Trans, xxv. 1866) ; and Rolleston, " On the 

 Homologies of certain Muscles connected \vith the Shoulder Joint," 

 (ibid. xxvi. 1869). See also Humphry's "Observations in Myology," 

 1872 ; A. Goette, " Ueber Entwickelung und Regeneration des Glied- 

 massenskelets der Molche," (Leipzig, 1879); H. Strasser, " Entwicke- 

 lung der Extremitseten-knorpel bei Salarnandern und Tritonen," (Mor- 

 phol. Jahrb. 1879); A. Sabatier, " Cornparaison des Ceintures et des 



