364 7 HE CORRESPONDENCE BETWEEN THE [CHAP. 



FIG. 133. Diagrammatic representation of the positions of the limbs of Mammalia. 

 The pre-axial border is left light, the post-axial border is shaded, in all the figures. 

 Limbs of the right side are represented in all cases. (A) dorsal aspect of the 

 anterior extremity in its primitive unmodified position ; gb glenoid border of the 

 scapula ; j spine ; cb coracoid border ; 5^/"sub-scapular fossa : //" post-scapular (in- 

 fra-spinal) fo-sa ; c coracoid ; h humerus ; gt greater, radial, or pre-axial tuberosity ; 

 It lesser, ulnar, or post-axial tuberosity ; ec external (in the modified position), 

 radial, or pre-axial condyle ; ic internal, ulnar, or post-axial condyle ; r radius ; 

 u ulna; I pollex ; v fifth digit. (B) dorsal aspect of the posterior extremity in the 

 same position; ab acetabular border of the ilium; pb pubic border; ib ischial 

 border ; gs gluteal surface ; is iliac surface ; i ischium ; p pubis ; /"femur ; It lesser, 

 tibial, or pre-axial trochanter ; gt greater, fibular, or post-axial trochanter ; ic in- 

 ternal (in the modified position), tibial, or pre-axial condyle ; ec external, fibular, 

 or post-axial condyle ; t tibia \f fibula ; i hallux ; v fifth digit, (c) the anterior 

 extremity, with the humerus in the same position, but the elbow- and wrist-joints 

 bent, (u) the posterior extremity in the same position. 



