REPTILIA. 



Fig. 193. 



277 



Myology of the Tortoise. 



12, palpebralis, representing the orbicularis muscle of the eye ; 23, splenius capitis ; 24, biventer cervicis ; 

 33, transversalis cervicis ; 35, spinalis cervicis ; 40, obliquus abdominis ; 41, 41a, 4lb, transversus 

 abdominis ; 42, a muscle thought by Bojanus to be analogous to the diaphragm ; 45, adducens pelvim ; 

 46, abducens pelvim ; 47, extensor caudse ; 48, flexor candaa lateralis ; 49 51, flexores caudae, inferior, 

 lumbalis et obturatorius ; 53, sphincter cloacae ; 58, latissimus dorsi ; 110, peroueus. The other muscles 

 are indicated by the same letters as in the preceding figures. 



so disposed that the coracoid bone, instead of ternal, is anterior ; this arrangement, in fact, 

 being anterior, as in mammalia, is internal, exists more or less in all oviparous verte- 

 and that the acromion, instead of being ex- brata. 



Fig. 194. 



Myology of the Tortoise. 



5, rectus oculi superior; 8, rectus oculi extemus; 11, suspensor oculi; 14, omohyoideus ; 16, hyo- 

 maxillaris; 18, hyoglossus ; 22, sternomastoideus ; 24, biventer cervicis ; 25, complexus; 34, scalenus ; 

 37, transversarii colli obliqui. The other muscles as in preceding figures. 



The analogue of the great pectoral (fig. 191, 

 56) is composed of two superficial portions, one 

 of which is attached to a ridge on the anterior 

 part of the plastron, and goes to be inserted 

 into the small tuberosity of humcrus: the 

 other is much more extensive ; it arises from 

 a great portion of the internal surface of the 

 plastron, and is likewise inserted by a flat- 

 tened tendon into the lesser tuberosity of the 

 humerus, but it is continued by an aponeu- 

 rotic expansion, which spreads like a fan over 

 the inferior surface of the arm, and. even of 

 the fore-arm : its tendon is united to that of 

 the preceding. 



The analogue of the deltoid (fig. 191, 60 a, 

 and 606) arises from the extremity of the 

 acromion, and goes to be inserted upon the 

 external surface of the small tuberosity of the 



humerus, uniting its tendon to that of the 

 infra-spinalis. 



The latissimus dorsi (fig. 192. 58) arises 

 from the lateral part of the carapax as far as 

 the articulation of the second rib, and runs 

 nearly vertically towards the humerus, joining 

 its tendon with that of the teres major, to be 

 implanted in a fossa situated at the base of 

 the internal tuberosity. 



The supra-spinatus arises from the pos- 

 terior aspect of the spine of the scapula, 

 and runs to be inserted into the external 

 tuberosity. In the turtles it is reinforced 

 by a large muscle derived from the anterior 

 edge and the superior surface of the ex- 

 tremity of the coracoid. 



The infra- spinatus arises from the posterior 

 border of the spine of the scapula, and runs to 



T 3 



