POLYPIFERA. 



tile tentacular cirrhi ; without traces of viscera, 

 and reproduced by external gemmae. 

 Hydra (fig. 25). 



Sub-class 2. ANTHOZOA. 

 Mouth of polype flower-like, surrounded by 

 contractile tentacula, the margins of which are 



Fig. 20. 



Polypes of Ct/donium protruded, magnified. 



(After Mutter.)* 5 

 a, with the tentacles expanded ; b, tentacles closed. 



fringed, but destitute of vibratile cilia ; stomach 

 forming a distinct bag, without any intestinal 

 canal ; ovaria conspicuous, lodged in the inte- 

 rior of the body, beneath the stomachal cavity. 



Family 1. ALCYONID.S. Polypes distri- 

 buted over the surface of a common mass, 

 which is polymorphous, irregular, fleshy, ad- 

 herent, and composed of a suberiform sub- 

 stance supported by calcareous aciculi. 



Alcyonium, Lobularia, Cydonium. 



Fig. 21. 



Cydonium Midleri. {After Muller.) * 



Family 2. CORALLIDJE. Polypes irregu- 

 larly scattered, and more or less prominent 

 upon the surface of a polype tree or common 

 stem, which is arborescent, fixed by a base- 

 ment, and composed of a solid, horny or cal- 

 careous axis enveloped by a sort of gelatino- 

 calcareous living cortex. 



Corallium, Isis, Gorgonia, Antipathes. 



Family 3. MADREPORID^E. Polypes in- 

 habiting cells distributed over the surface of a 

 stony polypary, which is fixed, and generally 

 arborescent. The cells are small, sub-lamel- 

 lated, and constantly porous in the intervals 

 and in their walls {fig. 22). 



* Zool. Dan. tab. Ixxxi.s. 3 & 4. 



Dentipora, Astraeopora, Sideropora, Stylo- 

 pora, Coscinopora, Gemmipora, Monti- 

 pora, Palmipora, Heliopora, Alveopora, 

 Goniopora, Porites, Seriatopora, Pocillo- 

 pora, &c. 



Fig. 22. 



A B 



A, " Madrepore abrotanoide ; " B, a portion magni- 

 fied. (After Quoy et Gaimard.) 



Family 4. MADREPHYLLID^E. Animals 

 simple or aggregated (in the latter case more 

 or less deformed by their connection with 

 those around them), and containing in their 

 substance a great quantity of calcareous mat- 

 ter, forming a stony polypary, which is either 

 free or fixed, and having a laminated surface, 

 or provided with laminated cells. 



Cyclolites, Montlivaltia, Fungia (figs. 38, 

 39), Polyphyllia, Anthophyllium, Turbi- 

 nolia (fig. 41), Turbinolopsis, Caryo- 

 phyllia (fig, 42), Sarcinula, Columnaria, 

 Stylina, Catenopora, Seringopora, Den- 

 drophyllia, Lobophyllia (fig. 23), Mean- 

 drina (fig. 40), Dictuophyllia, Agaricia, 

 Tridacophyllia, Monticularis, Pavonia, 

 Astrasa (fig. 43), Echinastraea, Oculina, 

 Branchastraea, c. 



Fig. 23. 



Lobophyllia angulosa. (After Quoy et Gaimard.) 



Family 5. ZoANTHIDjE. Polypes more 

 or less approximated, sometimes soldered to- 

 gether, encrusted, or solidified by foreign 



c 2 



