MAMMALIA. 



241 



Fig. 66. 



Hind leg, Rhinoceros. 

 Fig. 67. 



Skull of the Rhinoceros. 



was not in every other respect the same as in 

 the Class in which we shall leave them. They 

 are the warm-blooded fishes of the ancients, 

 or the Cetacea, which, combining the powers 

 of other Mammalia with the advantage of be- 

 ing sustained upon the watery element, include 

 the most gigantic forms to be found in the 

 whole animal creation." Regne Animal, 2nd 

 edit., p. 65. 



Having thus given a brief exposition of the 

 principles which have guided five of the most 

 original writers on Natural History in their 

 primary arrangement of Mammalia, we shall 

 next subjoin a short tabular view of the genera 

 or minor groups included by Linnaeus and 

 Cuvier in their respective Orders. 



The System of Mammalia of Linnaeus, from 



the 12th edition of the ' Systema Nature.' 



A. Unguiculata. 



I. PRIMATES. 



Fore teet h cutting; upper ones parallel, four; 

 Ian iaries solitary. Teats pectoral, two. Food, 

 fruits, except a few which use animal food. 

 1. HOMO. 2. SIMIA. 3. LEMUR. 4. VES- 

 PERTILIO. 



II. BRUTA. 



Fore teeth none in either jaw. Feet with 

 large nails. Food mostly vegetables. 5. ELE- 

 PHAS. 6. TRICHECUS. 7. BRADYPUS. 8. MYR- 

 MECOPHAGA. 9. MANIS. 10. DASYPCS. 



III. FER. 



Fore teeth conical, usually six in each jaw ; 

 laniaries long ; molaries pointed, conical. 

 Food, carcasses and living prey. H.PHOCA. 



VOL. Ilf. 



12. CAMS. 13. FELIS. 14. VIVERRA. 15. 

 MUSTELA. 16. URSUS. 17. DIDELPHIS. 

 18. TALPA. 19. SOREX. 20. ERINACEUS. 



IV. GLIRES. 



Front teeth cutting, two in each jaw. Food, 

 bark, roots, vegetables, which they erode or 

 gnaw. 21. HYSTRIX. 22. LEPUS. 23. CAS- 

 TOR. 24. Mus. 25. Sciuuus. 26. Noc- 

 TILIO. 



B. Ungulata. 



V. PECORA. 



Fore teeth cutting, many in the lower jaw, 

 none in the upper jaw. Feet bisulcate. Four sto- 

 machs. Food, herbs, which they pluck, and 

 afterwards ruminate. 27. CAMELUS. 28. 

 MOSCHUS. 29. CERVUS. 30. CAPRA. 31. 

 Ovis. 32 Bos. 



VI. BELLU^E. 



Fore teeth obtuse. Tread heavy. Food, 

 vegetables. 33. EQUUS. 34. HIPPOPOTAMUS. 

 35. Sus. 36. RHINOCEROS. 

 C. Mutica. 

 VII. CETE. 



Teeth in some horny, in others bony. In 

 place of Feet they have pectoral fins without 

 claws ; and a horizontal flattened tail. Nostrils 

 terminating in one or two fistulous apertures at 

 the anterior and upper part of the head. Food, 

 mollusca and fish. 37. MONODON. 38. BA- 

 L.ENA. 39. PHYSETER. 40. DELPHINUS. 



The System of Mammalia of Cuvier, ac- 

 cording to the 2nd Edition of the ' Regne 

 Animal.' 



A. Unguiculata. 

 Sect. a. With three kinds of teeth. 



I. BIMANA. 

 1. HOMO. 



II. QUADRUMANA. 



1. Simitf, incisors four in each jaw, erect; 

 nails flattened. 



Fig. 68. 



a, Incisors ; b, canine or laniary ; c, false molars, 

 premolars, or bicuspids ; d, true molars. 



a.. Inhabiting the Old World ; molars five 

 on either side of each jaw. PITHECUS, &c. 



@. Inhabiting the New World ; molars six 

 on either side of each jaw. CEBCS, &c. 



2. Lemurini, incisors more than four either 

 in the upper or lower jaw, procumbent. LE- 

 MUR, &c. 



III. CARNIVORA. 



1 . Cheiroptera, with membranous expansions 

 between the fingers, and laterally between the 

 extremities. 



a. Vespeitiliones, with the bones of the an- 

 terior extremity disproportionately elongated. 

 PTEROPUS, &c. 



R 



