LYMPHATIC AND LACTEAL SYSTEM. 



227 



Fig. 55. 



Superficial lymphatics of the lower extremity. 

 (After Mascagni.j 



c, c, Commencing branches. 



d, Lymphatic vessels passing from the outer to 

 the posterior part of the leg to gain its inner surface. 



e, Vessels passing from the outer to the posterior 

 part of the thigh to gain its inner surface. 



f, Vessels passing from the outer to the anterior 

 part of the leg to gain its inner surface. 



g, Vessels passing from the outer to the anterior 

 part of the thigh to gain its inner surface. 



ficial lymphatics from the genitals, from the 

 lower half of the anterior and posterior part of 

 the trunk, from the perinea! and gluteal re- 

 gions. The lymphatics of the scrotum collect 

 into one or two branches, which take their 

 course with the superficial pudic veins to reach 

 the glands in the groin. Those of the penis 

 commencing on the glans and prepuce pro- 

 ceed generally in three principal branches on 

 the body of the organ, two of which are si- 

 tuated laterally, and the third on the centre of 

 its dorsal surface. These three vessels not un- 

 frequently unite near the root of the penis 

 into one vessel, which immediately divides 

 right and left into branches, which also accom- 



pany the superficial pudic veins to the inguinal 

 glands. In the direction of the superficial 

 epigastric and circumflexa ilii veins there are 

 several lymphatics derived from the anterior 

 and lateral parts of the abdomen, which empty 

 themselves in the inguinal glands. The super- 

 ficial lymphatics from the perineal and gluteal 

 regions, some from the loins and posterior and 

 upper part of the thigh, stream round the 

 outer part of the limb in the neighbourhood of 

 the trochanter major to terminate in the same 

 glands. 



The vasa efferentia of the inguinal glands, 

 three or four in number, are much larger than 

 the vasa inferentia; they receive the contents of 

 all the lymphatics hitherto described, and pass 

 under Poupart's ligament with the femoral ar- 

 tery and vein to become the vasa inferentia of 

 the glands associated with the external iliac 

 artery. From the anterior and lateral muscular 

 paries of the abdomen, the lymphatics accom- 

 pany the epigastric and circumflexa ilii arteries, 

 and terminate in the external iliac glands. 

 The external iliac glands are also joined by the 

 vasa efferentia from the glands accompanying 

 the internal iliac artery. These latter receive 

 the lymphatics, associated with the gluteal, 

 ischiatic, and obturatrix arteries, which enter 

 the pelvis by the same openings as the arteries 

 which they accompany. The lymphatics from 

 the prostate gland and vesiculse seminales, from 

 the bladder and rectum, from the vagina and 

 uterus, those accompanying the internal pudic 

 vessels derived from the interior of the penis 

 and clitoris, and those from the walls of 

 the pelvis, all terminate in the internal iliac 

 glands. 



The glands accompanying the common iliac 

 artery, on the one hand, receive their efferent 

 vessels from the internal and external iliac 

 glands, and on the other give their efferent 

 vessels to those, associated with the aorta, which 

 constitute the lumbar glands. 



The lymphatics of the testicle, of the kid- 

 neys, and renal capsules, those accompanying 

 the lumbar arteries, the lymphatics of the 

 rectum, sigmoid flexure and descending por- 

 tion of the colon, all terminate in the lumbar 

 glands. Those from the testicle are derived 

 from the interior as well as from the surface of 

 the organ; they take their course upwards 

 with the spermatic arteries and veins in several 

 branches, to reach the renal and lumbar glands. 



The lymphatics of the kidneys emerge from 

 its substance at the fissure of the organ, having 

 taken their course with its bloodvessels, where 

 they are joined by the superficial vessels; they 

 pass through the small renal glands, and ulti- 

 mately reach the lumbar glands. 



The lymphatics of the renal capsules unite 

 chiefly with those of the kidneys, but also on 

 the left side with those of the spleen, and on 

 the right with those of the liver. They are at 

 length conducted to the lumbar glands. The 

 lymphatics accompanying the lumbar arteries 

 receive their branches from the structures sup- 

 plied by those arteries, and empty themselves 

 into the lumbar glands. The lymphatics from 

 the descending colon, from its sigmoid flexure, 



Q 2 



