ANALYTICAL INDEX. 



1015 



Larynx (continued) . 



obliquus, 107 

 transvcrsus, 107 

 thyro-arytenoidei, 108 



action, 109 



crico-arytenoidei poslici, 109 

 thyro-epigloltidei, 110 

 aryteno-epiglottidei, HO 



action, 110 

 recapitulation of the action of the instrinsic 



muscles of the larynx, 110 

 bloodvessels, 1 10 

 structures called glands, 110 

 arytenoid gland, 110 

 epiglollic gland, 111 

 mucous membrane, 111 



glosso-epiglottic folds, 111 

 aryteno-epiglottic folds, 111 

 rima glottidis, ill 

 pomnm Adami, 112 

 ventricles of the larynx, 112 

 nerves, 112 



superior laryngeal, 112 



inferior or recurrent laryngeal, 113 



functions of the laryngeal nerves, IB 



motions of the glottis during respiration, 113 

 phenomena observed when the recurrent 

 nerves are diseased, compressed, or cut, 113 

 spasmodic closure of the rima glottidis, 113 

 laryngismus stridulus, 113 

 description of the larynx deprived of its extrinsic 



muscles, 114 

 anterior aspect, 1 14 

 lateral, 114 

 posterior, 114 

 inferior, 114 

 internal, 114 

 Larynx ( Morbid Anatomy and Pathology) , 114 



general remarks on the recency of accurate know- 

 ledge of the abnormal conditions of the larynx, 114 

 general remarks on diseased conditions of the laryn- 

 geal mucous membrane, 115 

 of the submucous tissue, 115 

 of the cartilages, 115 

 of the muscles, 115 

 of the ligaments, 115 



acute inflammation of the mucous membrane, 115 

 of the child, or croup, 115 

 adventitious membrane, 116 

 postmortem appearance of the lungs and brain, 



116 

 of the adult, 116 



oedema of the submucous tissue, 116 

 varieties, 117 



idiopathic, 117 

 traumatic, 117 

 redema without evidence of inflammation, 



117 

 causes of death, 1 17 



spasm of the glottis, 117 

 diphtherite, 117 



scarlatina anginosa or angina maligna, 1 17 

 symptoms and appearance, 117 

 sloughing, 118 



thickening by gradual deposit, 119 

 ulcers, 119 



gangrene of the softer tissues of the larynx, 100 

 diseased condition of the cartilages of the larynx, 120 

 phthisis laryngea, 120 



alteration in size and shape of the epiglottis, 122 

 morbid thickening, or shrinking, 122 

 leaf-like expansion, 122 



derangements of the functions of the larynx unat- 

 tended with organic change, 122 

 exceptions to the use of the epiglottis, 122 

 epiglottis inert, 123 



condition of the epiglottis in an animal asphyxi- 

 ated by carbonic acid, 123 

 pathological conditions of the muscles of the larynx, 



123 



diseased condition? of the laryngeal ligaments, 126 

 Leg (Regions of the), 126 

 general survey, 127 

 external form of the leg, 127 



calf, 127 

 integument, 127 



varicose condition of the capillaries of the inte- 

 gument, 128 

 superficial fascia, 123 

 superficial veins, 128 

 major saphena, 128 

 minor saphena, 128 

 varicose ulcer, its treatment, 130 

 superficial nerves, 130 



internal saphenus, 130 



external saphenus or communicans tibialis, 130 

 superficial lymphatics, 130 

 aponenrosis, 130 



of the anterior region, 130 

 of the posterior region, 130 

 superficial layer, 130 

 deep layer, 130 

 anterior region of the leg, 131 



Leg, Regions of the, (continued). 

 muscles, 131 



anterior tibia! artery, recurrent tibial, 131 

 operations for ligaturing, varieties, 132 

 relations, 132 



posterior region of the leg, 132 

 muscles, 132 



superficial layer, 132 



gastrocnemius and soleus, 132 

 division of the tendo Achillis, 132 

 plantaris, 133 

 deep layer, 133 

 arteries, 133 



posterior tibial, 133 

 course, 133 

 relations, 133 



operation for ligaturing, 133 

 peroneal, 134 

 course, 134 

 relations, 134 



operations for ligaturing, 134 

 venae comites, 134 

 nerve, 134 



deep lymphatics, 134 

 difficulty of preserving the proper position of the 



fibula in fracture, 135 



precaution with respect to the projecting angle which 

 the tibia, when amputated, presents anteriorly, 135 

 arteries requiring ligatures in amputation, 135 

 remarks on the application of artificial legs, 136 

 the most eligible situations (or exposing the tibia in 



order to trephine, &c., 136 

 liability of the tibia to disease, 136 

 curve of the tibia, 136 

 fractures of the leg, 136 



of the fibula alone, 136 

 Leg (Muscles of the j, 137 

 anterior group, 137 



tibialis anticus, 137 

 extensor longus digitorum, 137 

 relations, 137 

 action, 137 



extensor proprius pollicis, 137 

 action, 137 

 relations, 137 

 peroneus tertius, 137 

 relations, 137 

 action, 138 

 external group, 138 



peroneus longus, 138 

 action, 138 

 relations, 138 

 peroneus brevis, 138 

 combined action, 138 

 posterior group, 138 



superficial layer, 138 

 gastrocnemius, 138 



relations, 138 

 soleus, 138 



relations, 139 

 tendo Achillis, 139 

 action, 139 

 plantaris, 139 



action, 139 

 deep layer, 139 

 popliteus, 139 



flexor longus digitorum, 139 

 accessory muscles, 139 

 relations, 140 

 flexor longus pollicis, 140 



action, 140 

 tibialis, 140 

 Life, 141 



I. General viev/s, 141 



definition, 141 



tendency of the changes exhibited by a living 



being, 141 



method of prosecuting the inquiry, 141 

 difficulty in the attainment of general laws in 



some departments of science, 141 

 difficulties which beset the investigation of the 



laws of vital aclion, 142 

 conditions required for the production of vital 



actions, organized structure and stimulus, 142 

 vital properties due to the act of organization, 142 



II. History of opinions, 143 



abstract terms used in the earlier ages of the 

 world expressing a vague idea of a property 

 inherent in a body that exhibits it, 143 



the term life as applied by the older philosophers, 

 143 



tendencies in the unenlightened mind from which 

 the foregoing modes of explaining vital pheno- 

 mena have resulted, 144 



modification which the forementioned doctrines 

 have undergone, 144 



distinctness of life and mind, 144 



doctrine of the vital principle put forth byBarthez, 

 vis medicatrix naturae of Hoffman and Cullen, 

 nisus formativus of Blumenbach, organic agent 

 of Dr. Prout, and organic force of Miiller, 145 



Hunter's doctrine of the vital principle, 145 

 precise import attached to the term, 146 



