THE CORALS OF THE SCOTTISH NATIONAL ANTARCTIC EXPEDITION. Ill 



Locality. Station 461, off Gough Island, lat. 40 20' S., long. 9' 56' 30" W., 100 

 fathoms, 23rd April 1904. MARENZELLER, "Valdivia" Report, p. 298, records a 

 number of specimens from Station 167, New Amsterdam, 49G in. deep. The Challenger 

 specimens were obtained off Tristan da Cunha, 100-150 fathoms. 



The species, in its number of septa and pali and in the characters of its columella, 

 resembles both Caryophyllia cyathus (Ell. & Sol.) and Caryophyllia clavus, Sacchi. 

 MOSELEY remarks that it differs from C. davits in having fewer and less equally promi- 

 nent costs?, and in the greater abundance of its epitheca. C. clavus generally has a broad 

 base of attachment, while C. ci/atJtus is horn-shaped. Authentically named specimens 

 of C. cyathus and C. clavus in the British Museum scarcely help in elucidating the 

 differences ; they are smaller and less robust in the sense given above. If the three 

 really form one species, it seems certain that different localities have their special 

 growth- forms, such as var. smtthii (Stokes) off Devon and Cornwall, the Antarctic 

 form under consideration, etc. 



A large specimen reputed to be C. clavus, in the British Museum, from the Caribbean, 

 is of interest as its pali converge towards each other in pairs over the tertiary septa, 

 a character which I do not recollect having seen in any other Caryophyllia. It was 

 almost certainly so named by DUNCAN himself. The fragments mentioned by MOSELEY, 

 p. 139, from Cape Verde Islands, are much closer to the ordinary forms of cyathus than 

 of profunda. 



Amphihelia sp. ? 



MARENZELLER ("Valdivia" Expedition, Bd. vii., T. xiv., 1904) and DUNCAN (Trans. 

 Zool. *S'oc., pi. 45, fig. 1, 1873) give admirable figures of the mode of growth of Amphi- 

 helia oculata (Linnaeus). The specimen before me is the basal anastomosing part of 

 such a colony as represented in the above figures, with similar tubular prolongations. 

 It was dead when obtained, and it is so much corroded that the species must be 

 regarded as uncertain. 



The specimen comes from Station 542, Priucesse Alice Bank, lat, 37 56' N., long. 

 29 11' W., 350 fathoms, 4th July 1904. The genus has been recorded many times 

 from Northern oceans, but it was not obtained either by the Challenger or V1<Hci 

 Expeditions in Southern seas. The present record indicates that it is a cosmopolitan 

 genus. 



Solenosmilia sp. ? 



A mass of dead material from Station 542, Princesse Alice Bank, lat. 37 56' N., 

 long. 29 11' W., 350 fathoms, 4th July 1904, belongs to this genus, but 1 am not sure 

 whether one piece is not Lop/iohelia ; the whole is very badly corroded. 



The species is probably the cosmopolitan S. variabilis, Duncan, originally described 



from N. Atlantic material. The ChaUcmji'i- records it from Tristan da Cuuha, 1000 



fathoms, Prince Edward Island, 310 fathoms, and Ascension Island, 42 fathoms. The 



Valdivia obtained it off the west coast of Portugal, 2200 in., and off the entrance 



to the Mediterranean, 1300 m. 



(ROT. soc. KLIN. TRANS., VOL. MIX.. fi8!).) 



