96 HISTO11Y AND METHODS OF TEE FISHERIES. 



The temperature is very uniform. The lowest observed was 30 Falir. and the highest 52 

 Fahr. The extremes of surface temperatures were 3S and 43 Fahr. There were no sudden 

 changes, as the tables will show. The temperature was thus very favorable for work, though per- 

 haps a little chilly in foggy weather, but nevertheless much better than the sweltering heat of 

 summer iu our own latitude. The men found, on sunny days, even a temperature of 48 Fahr. 

 uncomfortably warm for work. On chilly days a fire was kept in the cabin, so that all could be 

 comfortable when not working. 



A reference to the tables of the condition of the sky will show that we had very little rain on 

 the banks. Clouds were common and fogs not rare, but it only rained four or five times, and then 

 mostly in the shape of fine misty rain, lasting at the longest only four or five hours. 



The tables of the wind need explanation. The directions expressed are those of the compass, 

 which here varies about 70; for not knowing the exact variation, I thought this the best way of 

 expressing them. The estimate of the velocity is much of it guess-work, founded on remembrance 

 of former estimates and comparisons of the wind's velocity made by myself, and, on this account, 

 not much reliance can be placed on them except for the relative velocities of the winds observed. 

 The hardest blow was August 1J, on which day I have put the velocity down as between 45 and 55 

 miles, and am well satisfied it could not have been any greater. Between this and a perfect calm 

 I have used six numbers to designate as many different velocities: 2 for air just perceptible; 5 for 

 a breeze of 3 to 10 miles an hour; 13 for a breeze of 10 to 15 miles an hour; 20 for a breeze of 15 to 

 25 miles an hour; 30 for a breeze of 25 to 35 miles an hour; 40 for a breeze of 35 to 15 miles an 

 hour; and 50 for a breeze of 45 to 55 miles an hour. 



The temperature, sky, and winds were quite different in the harbor. The laud on all but the 

 sea side of the harbor rises abruptly, and not only protects it from the winds, but also permits the 

 sun to warm the surface of land and water more than in an exposed place. The thermometer is, 

 therefore, more variable than in the strait, and the wind is seldom felt. The mountains, by cans- 

 ing the condensation of the vapors of the sea breezes, make fogs and showers frequent. 



I have also given tables of the height of the barometer, made from an aneroid belonging to 

 the captain. This was hung up in the cabin, and I noticed considerable variation in the instrument 

 whenever a fire was built there. When this variation was very marked, I have indicated the 

 same in the tables by an asterisk. 



The season of 1879 was, however, uncommonly mild for Davis' Strait, and the weather that 

 summer more favorable for fishing than it has been since. In 1880 the Herman Babson was started 

 for Greenland, but was turned back in 52 north latitude by immense quantities of icebergs and field 

 ice. The Mary E. succeeded iu getting through by going farther to the eastward. 



In 1881 the three vessels which went to Davis' Strait skirted the ice 200 to 300 miles before sue 

 ceeding in getting through, and, even after reaching the fishing grounds, they were obliged several 

 times during the summer to change their positions on account of drifting bergs. 



This ice is carried by the currents down the east coast of Greenland, and thence across to the 

 Straits of Belle Isle, and the fishermen will probably encounter more or less of it every year. 



