544 



RUMINANTIA. 



their terminations to form a single common 

 duct. The glands of Coirper, placed behind 

 the urethral bulb are rounded and conspi- 

 cuous. The penis is long and usually bent 

 upon itself, in the form of the letter s a 

 little anterior to the bulb. In some genera 

 the glans is apparently very small in con- 

 sequence of its attenuation, as in the bull. 

 In all cases the canal of the urethra ends in 

 front by an extremely narrow whip-like 

 process of the corpus spongiosum, remind- 

 ing us of the modifications of this organ in 

 certain mollusks. The prepuce is prolonged 

 forward in the form of an elastic sheath, 

 which in the Giraffe is so closely adherent to 

 the bulbous root of the glans, as to be with 

 difficulty separated ; by putting the parts a 

 little on the stretch, we have found the re- 

 flection fully two inches posterior to the 

 glans. Preputial follicles abound in the An- 

 telopes and Cervida?, and in the Musk-deer 

 there is a special glandular pouch commu- 

 nicating with the cavity of the prepuce by a 

 single duct ; it is from this structure that the 

 substance musk is derived. 



Female organs. Generally speaking the 

 ovaria (/f, Jig. 306.) and fallopian tubes (ft) 

 have the same relation to each other as in 

 other mammifera, but differences exist in 

 regard to the connection of these parts with 



the broad ligaments in the cameline and 

 horned ruminants severally. They have 

 been indicated by Prof. Owen as follows.* 

 " In the Camel the greater part of the capsula 

 ovarii is formed by the expanded fimbriated 

 aperture of the oviduct itself, which is of very 

 large size, and which encloses the ovarium, 

 In Deer, Antelopes, and Cows, the ovarium is 

 lodged in a depression or sacciilus of the 

 broad ligament, which is more or less deep, 

 and has its apertures more or less contracted 

 in different species. In the Giraffe the peri- 

 toneal saccufus of the ovary, formed by an 

 expansion of the broad ligament of the uterus, 

 is wide and deep, and encloses almost the 

 whole of the ovary. The fimbriated ex- 

 tremity of each oviduct, or fallopian tube, is 

 expanded upon the outer margin of the ova- 

 rian capsule. The inner surface of the pa- 

 vilion is beset with very numerous and fine 

 oblique strice, and is further increased by 

 narrow folds of lamince converging towards 

 the contracted opening duct. The oviduct 

 forms three or four wavy folds, and is then 

 continued along the walls of the wide ovarian 

 capsule to the extremity of the uterine horn, 

 which makes an abrupt curve to meet it." 



In all ruminants, as in Solipeda and several 

 other mammalian orders, the cavity of the 

 uterus (ci, fig. 366.) is prolonged superiorly 



Fig. 366. 



Uterus and its appendages, from the Shecj). 



into two horns from the inner surface of placcntnhc. In the Camels, where the ovum 



which project a number of glandular pro- is nourished, as in the Mare and Sow, by a 



tuberances (e, e,fig.3QQ.). These processes villous chorion universally adherent to the 



are highly vascular, and exhibit eminences uterine walls, these processes are not pre- 

 and follicular depressions for the implantation 



of the tufted filaments of the cotyledons or * Memoir, 7. c. p. 241. 



