810 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Phocenfc acid, ii. 2/34. 



neutral salts of (phocenates), ii. 234. 

 Phoceninc, chemical composition of, ii. 234. 

 Phociihe, dentition of the, iv. 91 I. 



pelvis of, s. 155. 

 Phonal ion, effects of the lesion of the recurrent nerves on, 



iii. 895. 



Phosphate of ammonia and magnesia, in morbid concre- 

 tions, iii. 8()6. 

 analysis of, iii. 806. 

 calculus of, iv. 80. 



Phosphate of lime in the composition of the blood, i. 410. 

 in morbid concretions, iii. 806. 

 analysis of, iii. 806. 

 calculus of, iv. 80. 

 Pfiosp/iate of magnesia in the composition of the blood, i. 



410. 

 Phosphates, earthy, deposits of, in urine in disease, iv. 



1283. 



mixed, or fusible calculus, iv. 80. 

 Phosphorescence. See LumiNOUSNEss, ANIMAL. 

 of Cephalopoda, i. 536. 

 of Liraax noctilucus, ii. 404. 

 of PennaUilidae, iv. 38 

 of Pyrosomidae, iv. 1192. 1229. 



effect of fresh water on phosphorescent marine 



animals, iv. 1230. 

 Phosphoric acid, method of determining the presence of, in 



organic substances, iii. 802, 803. 

 in urine, iv. 80. 

 Phosphorus in the composition of the brain, iii. 5R.S. 



variation of the quantity in different periods of life, 



and its small amount in idiocy, iii. 388. 

 Phrenic artery, superior, iv. 822. 



interior, i. 189. 194. 

 nerve (diaphragmatic, internal respiratory) ii. 3, 4; 



iv. 754.815, 816. 

 left phrenic, iv. 754. 

 right phrenic, iv. 754. 

 veins, inferior, iv. 141.'3. 



Phrenico-gastric ligament of Soemmering, iii. 941. 

 J hrcnitis, or inflammation of the diaphragm, ii. 6. 

 P/ire>io-ga.stnc omentum, s. 309. 

 Phrenological views of the connexion of the cerebellum 



with the sexual functions, iii. 722 S. 

 Phthisis pulmonalis, conformation of the thorax in, iv. 



103S. 



aphonia preceding or attendant on, iii. 123. 

 three stages of, s. 293. 

 characters of the urine in, iv. 1293. 

 communicated by means of morbid saliva, iv. 420. 

 death by, i. 264. 

 Phthisis laryngea, iii. 120. 126. 



causes of, and localities attacked, iii. 120. 



progress of the disease, iii. 121. 



post-mortem app?arances, iii. 120, 121. 



symptoms, iii. 121. 



treatment by an artificial opening in the trachea, iii. 



121. 



O^trij, or animating principle of Aristotle, iii. 143. 

 Phylhyilrida, a sub-tribe of Coleoptcra, ii. 860. 

 PhulUrkoe bucephalum, genital organs of, s. [107.] 

 P/ii/matin, iv. Ki7. 



P/ii/sa/its, locomotive powers of the, iii, 433. 

 J'/n/soyraila (Acalcphaj), i. 36. 

 Phywinetra, s 697, 698. 

 luunida, s. 698. 

 putnda, s. 69*. 

 Phutonliaa, a tribe of Insects of the order Coleoptera, i. 



563 ; ii. 862. 



characters of the sub-tribe, i. 563 ; ii. 862. 

 P/iiftozoa. See POLYPIFERA. 

 Pi'a mater, iii. 633. 



of the spinal cord, iii. 633. 

 of the brain, iii. 634. 



continuations of the pia mater into the cerebral ven- 

 tricles, iii. 604 



choroid plexuses of the lateral ventricles, iii. f>34. 

 choroid plexuses of the fourth ventricle, iii. 6-!.>. 

 crystalline formations in the chorcid plex 



uses, &c., iii 6 >5 



connexions, Sec., of the pia m:iter, iii. h'36. 

 in reference to pathology, iii. 636. 

 abnormal anatomy of the cranial pia mater, iii. 717. 

 injected state of the vessels, iii. 717. 

 tubercle, iii. 717. 



abnormal anatomy of the spinal pia mater, iii. 713. 

 congestion of the venous sinu-es, iii. 713. 

 causes of spinal apoplexy, iii. 713. 

 inflammation of the pia mater, iii. 713. 

 " Picking of the bed-clothes " a sign of approaching death, 



i. 800. 



Picromel, or Gallenstoff, i. 375. 

 Pig, stomach of the, s. 303. 

 urine of thp, iv. 12SO. 

 See PACHYDEHMAT* ; Sus scroKt, 

 Pigeon (Columba), nervous system of tho, iii. 622. 



migrating pigeons of America, iii. 18. 

 Pigeim-brea.il, iv. 1039. 



Pigment in the grey nervous matter, iii. C49. 

 granules of the skin, iii. 496. 

 mclanic, iv. 116. See PRODUCTS, ADVENTITIOUS. 



Pigmentt/m nigrurn, ii. 180. 



chemical composition of, ii. 181. 

 uses, ii. 181. 



Pilimiction, cases of, iv. 142. 

 Pillar, central, or axis of cochlea?, ii. 531. 

 Pillars of diaphragm, ii. 3. 



of the fauces, iii. 951 ; iv. 1121. 

 of fornix, iii. fi76. 

 anterior, iii. 676. 

 posterior, iii. fi76. 



Pi/l-bnx hydatid, ii. 117. See ENTOZOA. 

 Pilobolus, mode of development and reproduction of, s. 218. 

 Pilularia, development of, s. 245. 

 Pineal gland, i. 72 ; iii. 676, 677. 

 acervulus of the, iii. 677. 

 peduncles or haben, iii. 677. 

 Pingui'do, i. 57. 

 Pinnal cartilages, iii. 726. 

 Pinnifiedifi, Weberian organ in, iv. 1418. 

 Pinus Austriaca, development of, s. 247. 

 maritima, development of, s. 247. 

 sylvestris, development of, s. 247. 

 Pipe-fishes, iii. 986. 1010, 1011. 

 PISCES, i. 114 ; iii. 955. 



general characters, iii. 955. 

 classification, iii. P56. 

 osseous system, iii. 957. 



skeleton of Osseous Fishes, i. 438; iii. 958. 

 vertebral column, iii. 958. 

 ribs and sternum, iii. 959. 

 cranium, iii. 959. 

 face, iii. 959. 



anterior extremities, iii. 961. 

 posterior extremities, iii. 962. 

 fin rays of the extremities, iii. 962. 

 vertical fins, iii. 962. 



interspinous bones, iii. 962. 

 rays of the vertical fins, iii. 962. 

 skeleton of Chondroptervgii, i 438 ; iii. 963. 

 skull, iii. 963. 



branchial apparatus, iii. 964. 

 ribs and sternum, iii. 965. 

 anterior extremities, iii. 965. 

 posterior extremities, iii. 9<S6. 

 skeleton of Dermapterygii, iii. 966. 



skeleton of Branchiostoma, iii. 967. 

 cartilages of the articulations, i. 249. 

 pelvis of fishes, s. P2. 

 See also OSSKOUS FISHES. 

 arthroidal system, iii. 967. 

 muscular system, iii. 968. 



great lateral muscles, iii. 968. 



superior and inferior slender muscles, iii. 908. 



muscles of the pectoral fins, iii. 968. 



of the ventral fins, iii. 963. 



of the jaws, iii. 968. 



of the palato-tympanic arch, iii. 968. 



of the opprculum, iii. 969. 



of the os hyoides, iii. 969. 



of the branchiostegous membrane, iii. 9n9. 



branchial and pharynge.U apparatus, iii. 969- 



peculiarities of the muscular system in particular 



fishes, iii. 969. 

 in Ostracions, iii. 969. 

 in Raidae, iii. 969. 

 muscles of the jaws in Cartilaginous Fishes, iii. 



970. 



in Sharks, iii. 971. 

 in Petromyzonida?, iii. 971. 

 tegumentary system, iii. 971. 

 the skin in general, iii. 971. 

 pigment, iii. 972. 

 mucous follicles, iii. 972. 

 scales, iii. 973 ; s. 4^0. 



teeth of scales, iii. 974. 

 chemical composition, iii. 974. 

 organs and mode of locomotion of, iii. 430. 



in fishes shaped like the salmon, cod, and mackarel, 



iii. 437. 



flat fishes, iii. 437. 



analysis of the act of swimming in fishes, iii. 438. 

 amount of resistance offered by the various 



forms, iii. 437- 

 velocity of fishes, iii. 438. 

 powers of flight of fish, iii. 429. 

 muscular power of the salmon in springing into 



the air, ii. 62. 

 digestive organs, s SCO. 

 oesophagus, s. 300. 

 stomach, s. 300. 

 intestine, s. 300. 

 appendices pyloricae, s. 300. 

 teeth, iii 975; iv. 873. 



in Cyclostomatous Fishes, iii. 976. 



position, form, mode of implantation, anddeve. 



lopment, iii. 977 ; iv. 873. 880. 

 examples of peculiar dentition, iii 978. 

 Cyprinidae, s. 979. 

 Scari, iii. 979. 



Dictions and Tetrodons, iii. 980. 

 Saw-fish, iii. 980. 

 substance of the teeth of fishes, iv. 877. 



