79-t 



GENERAL INDEX. 



HEAT, ANIMAL continued. 



means for effecting an increase of animal heat, ii. 



682, 



quinia, ii. 682. 



confirmation of general results, ii. 682. 

 of tiie physical cause of animal heat, ii. 683. 



Lavoisier's theory of combustion of the carbon and 

 hydrogen of the blood by the oxygen of the air, 

 ii. 684. 



influence of the spinal cord on the function of calorifi- 

 cation, iii. 721 S. 



impaired evolution of heat during the sleep of hiber- 

 nating animals, ii.767. 



influence of different media upon temperature, ii. 659. 

 effects of external temperature upon an isolated part of 



the body, ii. 660. 

 effects of partial co 'ling, ii. 660. 

 effects of partial heating, ii. 660. 

 effects of an excessively high or excessively low 

 external temperature upon the temperature of 

 the body, ii. 660. 

 influence of evaporation, ii. 661. 

 relations of the bulk of the body to animal heat, ii. 



062. 

 relations of age to animal heat, ii. 662. 



periods of youth at which the bodily temperature 



differs from that of the adult age, ii. 663. 

 differences of constitution in relation to the production 



of heat among animals, ii. fi67. 

 influence of the seasons on the production of animal 



heat, ii. 668. 

 differences according to the nature of the climate, 



ii. 670. 

 influence of sleep on the production of heat, ii. 670. 



phenomena presented by hibernating animals with 



regard to the production of heat, ii. 671. 

 of the system upon which the external temperature 



acts primarily and principally, ii. 673. 

 difference between the heat of very young animals and 



of that of hibernating animals, ii. 761. 768. 

 loss of heat sustained by animals which are born blind 

 when removed from the contact of their parents, ii. 

 771. 



loss of heat a sign of approaching death, i. 801. 

 development of heat in insects, ii. 988. See IN- 



SECTA. 

 animal and vegetable heat compared, i. 136. 



mode in which heat is engendered, i. 136. 

 periodical heat in animals, ii. 441. See GENERATION. 

 Hedge/iog family (Erinaceadae), ii. 994. 



muscular and spiny covering of the hedgehog, ii. 999. 



uses of, ii. 100J, 1005. 

 structure of the spines of the, s. 498. 

 pelvis of the, s. 164. 



hibernation of the, ii. 764. See HIBERNATION. 

 Heel-bone, or os calcis, ii. 339. 

 Height of the human body at different apes, i. 74. 

 Helamys (Cape jerboa, or jumping hare), anatomy of the, 



iv. 372, et seq. 

 Helix, ii. 550, 551. 



helicis major muscle, ii. 552. 

 minor muscle, ii. 552. 

 Helix albolabris, biliary organs of, iv. 448. 



pomatia, generative process of, ii. 3ii7, 398. 



spermatozoa in the, ii. 113 ; iv. 486. 

 Hilocera, a tribe of Coleoptera, ii. 8(iO. 



characters of the tribe, ii. 860. 

 Hemadynamometer, of Poiseuille, i. 662. 

 Hemerobidtr, or lace-winged flies, ii. 865. 

 Hemicephalia, iv. 954. See Acrauia. 

 Hemielliptical fovea, ii. 530. 

 Hemiplegia, iii. 37 40. 



effects of galvanism in cases of, iii. 38. 41. 

 Hemiptera, an order of Insecta, ii. 868. 

 characters of the order, ii. K68. 

 nervous system of the, iii. 610. 

 Hemispheres of the brain, iii. 678. 



insensibility of the hemispheres to pain from me- 

 chanical division or irritation, iii. 723 C. 

 Hemispherical fovea, ii. 530. 

 Hepatic artery, i. 194, 195 ; iii. 171 ; s. 326. 

 origin and course, iii. 171. 

 distribution, iii. 171. 

 vaginal arteries, iii. 171. 

 interlobular arteries, iii. 171. 

 lobular arteries, iii. 171. 

 Hepatic duct, iii. 164. 169. 



vaginal ducts and vaginal plexus, iii. 169. 



interlobular ducts, iii. 169. 



lobular ducts and lobular plexus, iii. 169. 



termination of the biliary ducts, iii. 170. 



vascularity of the biliary ducts, iii. 170. 



mucous membrane ai.d follicles of the biliary ducts, 



iii. 171. 



See also LIVER. 



Hepa/ic plexus of nerves, iii. 174 ; iv. 1414 ; s. 429. 

 trunks, iii. 173. 

 veins, iii. 172; iv. 1414. 



interlobular veins, iii. 173. 

 sub-lobular veins, iii. 173. 

 hepatic trunks, iii. 173. 

 venous canals, iii. 173. 



Hepatictp, vegetative system among the lower, s. 232. 



first period from the germination of the spore, s. 233. 

 development of the antheridia, s. 233. 

 of the archegonia, s. 233. 

 second period fructification of the archegonia, s. 



234. 

 changes preparatory to the development of the spores, 



s. 234. 



development of the spores, s. 234. 

 Hepatico -duodenal ligaments, s. 341. 

 Hepatitis, lobnlar, iii. 18. 



membranous, acute, iii. 183. 



complication with congestion of the substance of the 



liver, iii. 183. 



characters of the urine in, iv. 1291. 

 Hereditary qualities, mental and physica', phenomena ol 



the transmission of, from parent to offspring, ii. 471. 

 HERMAPHRODITISM, or Hermaphrodism, ii. 684. 



classitication of hermaphroditic mal formations, ii. 685. 



I. Spurious hermaphroditism, ii. 685. 



A. in the female, ii. 685. 



1. abnormal development or magnitude of the 



clitoris, ii. 6S6. 

 in some of the lower animals, ii. 689. 



2. prolapsus uteri, ii. 690. 



B. in the male, ii. 690. 



1. extroversion of the urinary bladder, ii. 691. 



2. adhesion of the inferior surface of the penis 



to the scrotum by a band of integuments, 

 iii. 691. See BLADDER ; TERATOLOGY. 



3. fissure of the inferior part of the urethra, 



perinaeum, &c., ii. 691 

 in some of the lower animals, ii. 695. 



II. True hermaphroditism, ii. 695. 



A. lateral hermaphroditism, ii. 696. 



1. ovary on the leftside and testeson the right, 



ii. 698. 



2. testicle on the left and ovary on the right, 



ii. 700. 



B. transverse hermaphroditism, ii. 701. 



1 . transverse hermaphroditism with the ex- 



ternal sexual organs of the female type, 

 ii. 701. 



2. transverse hermaphroditism with the ex- 



ternal sexual organs of the male type, ii. 

 704. 



C. double, or vertical, hermaphroditism, ii. 706. 



1. male vesiculse seminales, &c., snperadded 



to organs of the female sexual type, ii. 707. 



2. imperfect female uterus, &c., superadded 



to a sexual organisation essentially male, 

 ii. 707. 



3. Co-existence of female ovaries and male 



testicles, ii. 711. 



two testicles and one ovary, ii. 712. 

 two testicles and two ovaries, ii. 712. 



III. Hermaphroditism as manifested in the general 



conformation of the body, and in the secondary 

 sexual characters, ii. 714. 



General summary with regard to the nature of herma- 

 phroditic malformations, ii. 722. 



1. varieties of. spurious hermaphroditism, ii. 722. 



2. nature of true hermaphroditic malformations, 



ii. 723. 



anatomical degree of sexual duplicity in hermaphro- 

 ditism, ii. 728. 



1. fallacies in judging of the addition of male 



seminal ducts to a female type of sexual or- 

 gans, ii. 729. 



2. fallacies in the supposed co-existence of a 



female'uterus with Usticles and other oigan 

 of a male sexual type, ii. 730. 



3. fallacies in the supposed co-existence of tes- 



ticles and ovaries, ii. 731. 



physiological degree of sexual perfection in herma- 

 phrodites, i. 145; ii. 434. 732. 

 causes of hermaphroditic malformations, ii. 733. 

 hermaphroditism in double monsters, ii. 736. 

 See also TERATOLOGY. 

 lleimclla, ovum of, s. [117,] [118.] 

 Hermit-crab, nervous system of the, iii. 618. 

 HERNIA (morbid anatomy), ii 738; s. 405. 



circumstances under which protrusions of the abdo- 

 minal viscera take place, varieties, &c., ii. TM. 

 enterocele, epiplocele.and entero-epip'ocele, ii. 738. 

 arrangement of hernise, ii. 741. 

 irreducible hernia, ii. 741. 

 reducible, ii. 741, 742. 

 strangulated, ii. 741. 743. 



causes which seem to produce the strangu- 

 lation, ii. 743. 

 effect of strangulation on the structures 



within the sac, ii. 745. 

 effect of strangulation on the viscera 

 within the cavity of the abdomen, ii. 745. 

 symptoms and progress, ii. 745. 

 congenital hernia, ii. 740. 

 crural or femoral hernia, ii. 756. 



affections which may be confounded with it, ii. 760. 

 symptoms and progress of the disease, ii. 759. 

 definition, ii. 738. 

 hernial sac, ii. 738. 



