SYMPATHETIC NERVE. 



449 



in bundles containing from six to three nerve- rami intestinales present much the same cha- 

 tubes forming a widely-meshed network. The racters as the nerves of the heart. Many of 



Fig. 295. 



n 



Communication betiveen the sympathetic and third spinal nerve in the Frog, showing the arrangement of the 

 fibres of the communicating branch at its points of junction with the spinal and sympathetic nerves. 



H p, sympathetic nerve ; H, 'cephalic side of the same ; r, pelvic, c P, spinal nerve ; c, its central, 

 and p its peripheral end. a, portion of communicating branch running centrally; b, portion of ditto 

 running pheripherically ; c and d, fibres of the ramus conimunicans passing upwards in the direction 

 of the head, and downwards towards the pelvis; g,g, gauglioii-cells ; /;, pigment. {After Bidder and 

 Volkinann,) 



the fibres seem to become lost in the muscular 

 coats of the intestine ; a few slender twigs, 

 particularly in the stomach, can be traced 

 through these to the mucous or submucous 

 coats. The nerves of the unimpregnated uterus 

 also contain a considerable number of the 

 fibres of Remak. In the impregnated uterus 

 of the cow, some of the twigs which run along 

 the cervix of the organ consist almost entirely 

 of fine tubular nerve-fibres ; in others the fibres 

 of Remak are more numerous than the tubular 

 nerve-fibres. Ganglia have been observed by 

 Remak on the nerves distributed to the mus- 

 cular substance of the cervix uteri in the pig. 

 Small ganglia are also present in the impreg- 

 nated cow's uterus, both en the nerves passing 

 to the organ and also in the twigs which pass 

 upwards along the posterior wall of the cervix 

 of the uterus. Some of them contain as few 

 as from six to nine ganglionic corpuscles : 

 they seem to be more numerous, and are 

 larger near the point where the cervix uteri 

 becomes continuous with the vagina. Divi- 

 sions of the fine tubular nerve-fibres have 

 been observed by Kilian*; he describes a 

 fibre belonging to the finer variety as dividing 

 into two branches, and each of these, after 

 running a short distance, as again dividing. 

 As regards the nerves of the urinary bladder, 

 in that of the ox they are very numerous, 

 especially towards the neck and posterior 

 aspect of the organ, and present a more or 



* Henle and Pfeuffer's Zeitschrift, p. 222. 

 Supp. 



less white appearance. Some run beneath 

 the peritoneal coat, others between the deep 

 and superficial layers of muscular fibres ; and 

 some may be traced through these to the 

 mucous coat. At first the branches contain 

 botli broad and fine tubular fibres : in their 

 farther course, only fine fibres appear to exist. 

 There are present, especially towards the 

 cervix of the organ, a number of small ganglia 

 similar to those in the uterus. Ganglia have 

 also been described by Miiller as occurring on 

 the nerves distributed to the cavernous tissue 

 of the penis. 



The branches of the sympathetic which 

 pass to the different glandular organs also 

 consist chiefly of fine nerve-fibres and fibres 

 of Remak. In general there are more or 

 fewer fibres belonging to the broad variety 

 also present. In the substance of the organs 

 they run in company with the blood-vessels 

 and with the ducts of the glands, and appear 

 to be chiefly distributed to these : at least no 

 nerve-fibres have as yet been discovered run- 

 ning separate from the vessels or ducts in the 

 parenchyma of the organ. In the finer rami- 

 fications of the nerves, the broader tubular 

 fibres gradually disappear. The fine fibres 

 also lose their distinct dark margins, and 

 become pale and more or less indistinct. 

 Their exact mode of termination has not 

 been determined. Pappenheim, however, 

 describes the nerves of the kidney as ter- 

 minating in a looped arrangement. Small 

 ganglia occur on the nerves distributed to 



G G 



