WINTER QUARTERS, SCuTIA BAY, 1903 17 



yet pupped. The pups are beginning to take the water. 1 sa\v one go down a seal 

 hole and remain in the water several minutes, but visible all the time, and oeca-ionallv 

 putting its nose up to breathe. On coming up it moved toward-, its mother, who wa> 

 sleeping a few yards avvav, and she greeted it affectionately with a rub of her nose. The 

 woolly coat was still on the pup and showed no signs of coining oil' yet. Many of the 

 pups were to be seen playing with the mother, the pup using mostly its fore-tlippei>. 

 the mother using chiefly her head, but no at templed destruction of yomiu or any 

 approach to it could be seen in any case. We saw two pups left by their mothers who 

 were probably away fishing. The pups were asleep, but one appeared to be teething, and 

 on waking up began to rub its gums repeatedly on the hard snow. 



Tv\o gentoos captured coming from the southward. 



Oct. -itlt. .Snowy petrels and gulls seen to-day. 



Oct. 5th. Snowy petrels and gulls were the only birds seen to-day. The captain 

 saw a seal on the floe half way to Point Davis near an old trap-hole ; but as it was seen 

 from the mast-head, the sex could hardly be determined ; no young was visible. 



The trap in 13 fathoms on the port bow was raised and contained two fish, one 

 buckie, two isopods, 156 cushion-stars and about twelve amphipods, one of which 

 had four arms. A seal skeleton down a week was hauled up this afternoon. On it were 

 eighteen cushion-stars, one of which had an arm undeveloped, and three fishes. 



The baby seal, having died, was skinned and the brain removed and preserved, but 

 the latter was very soft and is not in good condition. 



Oct. 6th.- Snowies, black-backed gulls and a nelly were seen to-day. 



Oct. 7th. There is open water to the south and the penguins are arriving in the bay. 

 1 spent the day round about Point Martin surveying, and found over forty black - 

 throated penguins about there, some in flocks and some singly. JNIost of them were 

 climbing up the rocks -into old rookeries as if they had come to stay. They were all 

 plump and in very fine condition. They travelled quickly from the water to the 

 rookeries, and I saw two different flocks moving on their bellies at full speed. The seals 

 seemed disinclined to meddle with them, and even one thrown at a seal was untouched, 

 although it stood afterwards for several minutes within a few feet and easy reach of the 

 seal. We then put it down a seal hole and drove the seal in after it. The seal did not 

 reappear while we were there but the penguin soon came on to the ice again. 1 



The seals have apparently all pupped now and the young are growing quickly. 

 \\'e saw two males on the ice, and they showed the wonted laxiness and good nature of 

 the Wcddell seal, never showing any resentment at being worried and proded with 

 sticks. One of these males was at an old trap-hole. Mime :;<HI yards from the land, and 

 near him was a, dead black-throated penguin, picked almost clean by the uull-. Tin 

 head was 100 yards from the body, and from the uninjured condition of the skeleton 

 the penguin can hardly have been killed by the seal. Unless lie met his death from 

 disease, he must have been killed by the gulls, for the cold lately ha- not been nearly 

 1 It seems improvable that Wr.lldl seals i-vt-r |>ivy uu |-n;4uins. 



