TABLE OF CONTENTS xv 



PAGE 



G. The Coelom, Digestive, and Respiratory Systems of a Mammal . . . 183 



H. The Comparative Anatomy of the Coelom and the Mesenteries . . . 194 



I. Summary 198 



XI. THE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEM .... 200 



A. General Considerations 200 



B. The Circulatory System of Elasmobranchs 207 



C. The Circulatory System of Neclurus 222 



D. The Circulatory System of the Turtle 230 



E. The Circulatory System of the Pigeon 241 



F. The Circulatory System of the Mammal 248 



G. Summary of the Circulatory System 270 



XII. THE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE UROGENITAL SYSTEM .... 273 



A. Embryonic Origin and Evolution of the Urogenital System .... 273 



B. The Urogenital System of Elasmobranchs 280 



C. The Urogenital System of Necturus 283 



D. The Urogenital System of the Turtle 284 



E. The Urogenital System of the Pigeon 286 



F. The Urogenital System of the Mammal 288 



G. The Embryonic Membranes 292 



H. Summary of the Urogenital System 294 



XIII. THE COMPARATIVE ANATOMY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM AND THE SENSE ORGANS 296 



A. General Considerations 296 



B. The Nervous System and Sense Organs of Elasmobranchs . . . .301 



C. The Nervous System and Sense Organs of Necturus 318 



D. The Nervous System and Sense Organs of the Turtle 321 



E. The Nervous System and Sense Organs of the Pigeon 328 



F. The Nervous System and Sense Organs of the Mammal 333 



G. Summary of the Nervous System and the Sense Organs 359 



APPENDIX A. PRONUNCIATION AND DERIVATION OF TECHNICAL WORDS .... 362 



APPENDIX B. PREPARATION OF MATERIALS 370 



1 NDEX ** 373 



